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AP US History Online Prof. Elizabeth Turro, M.A.

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Join Prof. Elizabeth Turro in her time-saving AP US History course that combines clear explanations of historical events with test-taking strategies. Prof. Turro ends the in-depth series by going through an entire previous year's AP exam to help you ace the test.

Table of Contents

Section 1: Period 1: 1491 - 1607

  The First Americans 53:30
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:06 
   “American” History? 3:12 
    Controversies with the Term, “America” 3:24 
    The Origin of the Term, “America” 4:10 
    The Peopling of the Americas 4:40 
   The Land Bridge Theory 6:33 
    How the First Americans come to the Continent 6:44 
    Evidence of the First Americans 7:50 
   The Three Major Waves of the First Americans 8:27 
    The First Wave 8:40 
    The Second Wave 8:50 
    The Third Wave 8:57 
   The Controversial of Kennewick Man 9:12 
   The Native Americans 9:47 
    The Three Sisters 9:50 
    The Effects of Agricultural Surplus 10:26 
   The Three Sisters 11:09 
   Mayas and Aztecs of Mesoamerica 11:57 
    Olmec Civilization 11:45 
    Subsequent 12:36 
    Mayan Society 12:52 
   Jaguar Temple in Tikal (Mayan Temple) 13:17 
   Mayan Calendar 15:11 
   Mayans 15:43 
    Priests Ruled Society 15:53 
    The Decline of the Mayan Civilization 16:03 
   Aztecs 16:40 
    Tenochtitlan 16:51 
    Aztec Priests and Warrior Nobles 17:12 
   Incas 17:39 
    Introduction of the Incas 18:06 
    Summary of Mayans, Aztecs and Incas 18:29 
   Map of Native American Cultural Areas 18:55 
   The Indians of the North of Rio Grande 20:15 
    Clan-Based and Egalitarian Society 20:36 
    Why the Indians did not Develop into an Advanced Group? 21:22 
    Self-Governing Tribes 22:28 
   Southwest Settlements 22:51 
    Hohokam, Anasazi, Pueblos 23:00 
    The Decline of the Southwest Settlements 23:47 
   Architectural Site of a Southwest Settlement 24:01 
    Underground Kivas of the Anasazi 24:05 
    Zunis, Acomas and Hopis 24:36 
   Artifacts From the Southwest 24:49 
    Lives of the Pueblo People 25:10 
    Ancient Apartment buildings of Anasazi and Petroglyph 25:42 
   Midwest Settlements 26:39 
    Adena-Hopewells 26:42 
    Cahokia 27:25 
    The Decline of the Mississippian Civilization 28:07 
    Muskogean and Algonquian Speaking Societies 28:18 
   Hopewell Mound 28:51 
   The Great Serpent Mound 29:07 
    The Culture of Mississippians 29:15 
    Animists 29:53 
   Northeast Settlements 30:33 
    Hunting and Farming-Based Society 30:48 
    Iroquois Confederation 30:57 
   Iroquois Women at Work, 1724 32:42 
    Matrilineal Society 33:27 
    Iroquois Creation Myth 33:38 
   Dominant Economic Activity 35:35 
   The “New World” 36:27 
   Example 1 37:26 
   Example 2 43:15 
   Example 3 44:44 
   Example 4 50:59 
  Interactions of Europeans, Native Americans and Africans 55:00
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:50 
   Europeans Encounters Africans and the Americans 1450-1550 2:51 
    European Agricultural Society - Yeomen 3:42 
    Hierarchical Social Order 4:39 
   Hierarchy 4:59 
   Inheritance and Religious Influences 5:32 
    Dower and Primogeniture 5:33 
    Religious Influences 6:00 
   Importance of Religious History 6:43 
    Pagans and Animists 6:53 
    Crusades 7:20 
    Christian Identity of Europeans 7:56 
    Absorption of Arab Knowledge 8:08 
   The Renaissance and The Age of Exploration 8:57 
    The Black Death 9:16 
    The Renaissance 9:34 
   Improvements in Technology 11:15 
    Prince Henry the Navigator 11:51 
    Gunpowder 13:00 
   West Africa and the Mediterranean in the 15th Century 13:50 
    Sea of Darkness 14:28 
    Madeira and Azore Islands 14:47 
    The Development of the Slave Trade System 15:00 
   Trade Routes in the Sub-Saharan Region 15:21 
    Trade Routes in the Globe 16:45 
   West African Society and Slavery 17:31 
    Geographical Location 18:21 
    Trading of Goods 18:50 
    Languages 19:22 
    Spiritual Beliefs 20:01 
    Effects of European Traders 20:16 
   Europeans and Africans Trade 20:56 
    Vasco da Gama 21:28 
    Slave Trade 22:00 
    War Captives and Criminals 23:15 
   Portuguese Traders and Slavery 24:19 
    Elmina, Foree, Mpinda and Loango 24:30 
    Sugar Plantations 25:13 
    Shipping to the America 25:56 
   Europeans Explore America 26:19 
    Spanish Monarchs, King Ferdinand of Aragon and Queen Isabel of Castile 26:26 
    Arranged Marriage 26:52 
    The Capture of Granada 27:33 
   Ferdinand and Isabella 27:42 
    Christopher Columbus 27:58 
    Two Goals 28:26 
   Christopher Columbus 28:47 
    Native Inhabitants 29:12 
    The Three Expeditions 29:31 
    Colonization of the West Indies 30:22 
    Amerigo Vespucci 30:40 
   The Spanish Conquest 31:02 
    Reconquista 31:18 
    Hernan Cortes 31:37 
    Moctezuma 31:50 
    Superior European Military Technology 32:11 
   Conquistadors and Disease 32:44 
    Francisco Pizarro 33:30 
    Conquistadors and Encomiendas 33:43 
    Columbian Exchange Map 34:52 
   Columbian Exchange 36:20 
    The Definition of Columbian Exchange 36:21 
    The Gold and Silver from Aztecs 36:46 
   Spanish Colonization of Americas 37:15 
    Spaniards Migration 37:22 
    Mestizo Population 37:51 
   Effects of Spanish Conquest 38:27 
    Introduction of Pigs 38:36 
    Steel Weapons 38:48 
    Smallpox 38:57 
   European Treatment of Native Americans 39:20 
    “Inferiority” 39:35 
    Spanish Policy 40:25 
   Latin American Social Hierarchy 41:21 
   Las Casas and Missionaries 42:20 
   Bartolome de Las Casas 43:06 
    In Defense of the Indians 43:10 
    Enslavement of Africans 43:58 
   Example 1 44:32 
   Example 2 47:45 
   Example 3 49:56 
   Example 4 52:21 
  The Protestant Reformation, Early Dutch and British Colonization and The Price Revolution 45:42
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:10 
    The Protestant Reformation (Early 16th Century) and the Rise of England 2:00 
    Protestant Reformation 3:33 
    Spain's Loss of its Position 4:16 
   The Protestant Movements and Religious Conflicts 4:23 
    Religious Wars 4:32 
    Protestant Nations 4:49 
    Catholic Church 5:02 
    Martin Luther 5:16 
   Martin Luther 5:47 
    Grace 6:07 
    Dismissed the Need for Priests 6:24 
    Bible as the Ultimate Authority 6:48 
    Peasants' Social Protests 7:11 
    The Peace of Augsburg 7:30 
   John Calvin and Calvinism 7:58 
    Calvinism 8:50 
    Institutes of the Christian Religion and Predestination 9:13 
    The Chances of Salvation 9:33 
    The New Creed 9:49 
    The Anglican Church 10:09 
    The Presbyterian Church 11:15 
    Puritans 11:33 
   Religious Diversity in Europe, 1600 11:53 
    Radical Religious Groups 13:09 
    Migration to America 13:57 
   The Dutch and English Challenge Spain 14:32 
    John Cabot 15:12 
    King Philip II of Spain 15:46 
    Dutch (Holland) 16:05 
    Queen Eliz. I 16:28 
   Holland on the Rise 17:17 
    The Spanish Armada 17:48 
    Philip II 18:12 
   The Rise of the Dutch 18:48 
    Henry Hudson 18:58 
    Amsterdam 19:55 
    West India Company 20:28 
    Furtrading Colony of New Netherland 20:42 
   Dutch Colonies and Hudson River Valley 21:22 
   Mercantilism 22:01 
    Parliamentary Policies 23:36 
    Enrichment of Britain 23:48 
   Mercantilist Policies 24:48 
    Rise of Economy 24:50 
    Queen Eliz 25:48 
    The Domestic English Textile Industry 26:11 
    Merchant-Oriented Policies 26:48 
   Triangular Trade 27:00 
   Complex View of the Atlantic Trade System 28:05 
   The Social Causes of English Colonization 28:57 
    Merchant Fleets and Manufactures 29:26 
    Price Revolution 29:39 
    Creating Representative Government 30:08 
   Price Revolution Graph 30:36 
   Price Revolution 31:10 
    Expansion of the Textile Industry 31:21 
    Indentured Servants 31:58 
    A New Collision 33:00 
   Example I 33:21 
   Example II 36:43 
  A Comparison of Colonization and Settlement Patterns 57:28
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:10 
   Spanish Settlements in North America 1:46 
    Spanish Adventurers 1:50 
    Francisco Vasquez de Coronado 3:02 
    Hernan de Soto 4:45 
    St Augustine 5:24 
   Spanish Exploration in North America 5:38 
   St. Augustine 8:00 
   Indian Attacks and Spanish Response 8:49 
    Comprehensive Orders of New Discoveries 9:10 
    Pacification of Indians 9:48 
    Franciscan Friars 10:38 
   Images Related to Spanish Colonization 12:13 
    San Antonio Mission 12:29 
    Pope 13:29 
   Native American Response to Spanish Policies 14:28 
    Attitude towards Franciscans 14:39 
    Sante Fe 16:03 
    Pueblo Revolt 16:23 
    Pueblos Joining the Spaniards 18:15 
   What did Spain Achieve? 19:05 
    Settled San Diego and San Francisco 19:50 
    Development of the Rigid Class System 20:17 
    New Spain 22:21 
   Spanish Class System 22:51 
   The French Explore and Settle in North America 24:20 
    Giovanni da Verrazano 24:30 
    Voyages of Jacques 25:33 
    Quebec 26:20 
    Louisiana 27:42 
   Fur trade and Relations with Native Americans 28:09 
    The Hurons 28:20 
    Devastating Indian Wars 30:22 
    The New York Iroquois 31:30 
    The Confederation of Five Nations 31:43 
   Iroquois Five Nations 32:07 
   The French Also Sought Converts 32:30 
    The Needs of the Indians 33:20 
    Threat to Native Population 33:48 
   The Dutch Explore and Settle in North America 34:29 
    Joint-Stock Company 36:14 
    The Town of New Amsterdam 38:01 
    Encouragement of Migration 38:25 
   New Amsterdam, Dutch Style, Fort-Like Trading post 39:08 
   New Amsterdam 39:42 
    Fort Orange 39:46 
    Taverns Outnumbered Churches 40:10 
    Seizing Farming Land 41:11 
    Welcoming Settlers from Other Nations 42:31 
   The Brits Take Over and Rename the Settlement New York 43:07 
    Ignoring the Requests for Representative Government 43:18 
    Second Anglo-Dutch War 44:08 
    The Duke of York 44:17 
   Hudsob River and Dutch Colonies in Green 45:35 
   New York Divided and New Jersey is Formed 46:12 
    Lord John Berkeley and Sir George Carteret 46:50 
    East and West Jersey 47:03 
    Quakers 48:22 
    Queen Anne 48:38 
   Example 1 49:10 
   Example 2 54:24 
  England's Tobacco Colonies, Jamestown, Bacon's Rebellion 55:26
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:09 
   Areas Colonized by 1660 0:45 
   Early British Ventures in North America and Roanoke Island 1:48 
    Sir Humphrey Gilbert 2:20 
    Sir Ferdinando Gorge 2:57 
    Sir Walter Raleigh 3:20 
   Croatoan 3:57 
   The Chesapeake Colonies 4:51 
    Populous Colonies 4:59 
    Indentured Servants 5:27 
    Virginia 6:49 
   Jamestown 7:14 
    Virginia Company 7:16 
    Corporate Colony 8:44 
    Harsh Life 8:57 
    Finding Gold 9:51 
   The Man, the Myth, the Legend 10:17 
   Powhatan and Captain John Smith 11:51 
    Powhatan 12:06 
    Opechancanough 13:12 
    Captain Smith 14:22 
   Powhatan and Pocahontas 15:37 
    Marriage 16:03 
    Introduction of Tobacco 16:59 
    Jamestown Government 17:58 
   The “Starving Time” and Tobacco 18:35 
    Disease and Famine 19:27 
    Cannibalism 19:32 
    Brown Gold 20:05 
   The VA Company Encourages Settlement 20:40 
    Headright System 20:50 
    House of Burgesses 21:57 
   Backlash of Powhatan 22:51 
    War led by Opechancanough 23:40 
    Indian Fields seized by the English 24:15 
   Virginia Becomes a Royal Colony 24:40 
    A Royal Colony 25:05 
    The Church of England 26:23 
   Maryland Is Established 26:37 
    George Calvert 27:02 
    A Safe Haven for Catholics 28:09 
   Cecil Calvert Takes Over 28:54 
    Cecil Calvert 28:58 
    An Act of Toleration 29:51 
    Protestant Revolt 31:33 
   Hard Times and Labor Shortages 31:52 
    Raising Prices of Exports 32:55 
    Sir William Berkeley 34:11 
    Nathaniel Bacon 34:43 
   Bacon's Rebellion 35:17 
    Building Frontier Forts 36:02 
    Berkeley Arrested Bacon 36:47 
    Political Reforms and Restoring the Rights of Voting 37:15 
   Nathaniel Bacon and the Site That His Followers Occupied 37:36 
   Aftermath and Effects of Bacon's Rebellion 37:49 
    Manifesto and Declaration of the People 37:58 
    Sharp Class Difference 38:15 
    Early Indication of Colonial Resistance 39:38 
   The First African Workers Arrive and Slavery Supplants Indentured Servitude 40:12 
    The First African Workers 40:18 
    English Common Law 41:24 
    Lowering the Status of Africans 42:23 
   Analyzing Primary Sources 43:46 
   Example 1 44:26 
   Example 2 48:05 
   Example 3 51:10 
   Example 4 51:59 

Section 2: Period 2: 1607 - 1754

  Puritan New England, The Pequots And Metacom's Rebellion 1:03:53
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:09 
   Puritan Migration 1:20 
   Pilgrim Separatists Sail to North America 2:29 
    Elizabeth I 2:47 
    Separatists 4:10 
    Mayflower 4:20 
   The Mayflower and Pilgrims 5:25 
    64-Day Voyage 5:43 
    Pilgrims 6:00 
   The Mayflower Compact 6:35 
    Self-Government 7:12 
    Just and Equal Laws 8:06 
   Grim Conditions for the Pilgrims at Plymouth 9:55 
    William Bradford 10:28 
    The Local Wampanoag Tribe 11:12 
    Thanksgiving Holiday 12:59 
   Puritans Arrive in MA Bay Colony in 1630 14:00 
    Arabella 14:13 
    John Winthrop 14:18 
   More Puritans Follow the Pilgrims 16:15 
    The Anglican Church 16:28 
    Massachusetts Bay Colony 17:19 
    Joint-Stock Corporation 17:53 
   Puritan Governance and Society 19:19 
    John Winthrop 19:24 
    Holy Commonwealth 20:30 
    Creation of the Theocracy 21:19 
    The Role of Church and the Bible 22:16 
   Pious, Patriarchal Puritans 23:57 
    Patriarchal Society 24:57 
    Predestination 26:04 
    Three Ways to Deal With Uncertainties 26:40 
   Puritan Dissenters 27:21 
    Roger Williams 28:05 
    Anne Hutchinson 29:34 
    Antinomianism 30:42 
   More Dissent and New Colonies 31:24 
    Thomas Hooker 31:40 
    The Fundamental Orders 31:51 
   Puritanism and Witchcraft 33:21 
    Witchcraft 37:45 
    European Enlightenment 39:16 
   Puritans Value Education 39:53 
    Puritan Law 40:19 
    Harvard College 40:32 
   Tight-Knit Yeoman Society 41:14 
    Town Meeting 42:42 
    Proprietors 43:51 
    A Socioeconomic Hierarchy 44:22 
   Puritan Town and Village Map 44:45 
   Halfway Covenant 46:03 
    Clergy 46:30 
    New England Congregationalists 46:46 
    Partial Church Members 47:25 
   Map of Algonquian Peoples In MA 48:17 
   Puritans and Pequots 49:36 
    Pequot Warriors 50:00 
    Savages 50:32 
    Praying Towns 51:12 
   The Wampanoag and Metacom's Rebellion 51:40 
    Peaceful Relations with Wampanoag 51:50 
    Metacom 52:47 
    The White Settlements 53:20 
    Losses of the Rebellion 54:15 
   Metacom 55:24 
   Example 1 56:06 
   Example 2 59:10 
   Example 3 61:13 
  The British Empire in North America, Part I 1:03:58
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:08 
   Restoration Colonies 1:43 
    Charles II 2:17 
    South and North Carolina 2:49 
    Feudal Manors 3:13 
    Map 4:49 
   Georgia Founded Later in 1732 5:55 
    A Buffer 6:10 
    James Oglethorpe 6:20 
   Charles II Grants Proprietorships 7:58 
    A Gentry Class 8:41 
    Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina 9:25 
   The Carolinas 10:15 
    Rebellion of the English Quakers 10:40 
    South Carolinians 11:58 
   Pennsylvania 13:15 
    William Penn 14:48 
    Inner Light 15:08 
    Church Services 16:14 
   William Penn 17:00 
    The Society of Friends 17:35 
    Holy Experiment 18:04 
    City of Brotherly Love 18:17 
   Pennsylvania's Frame of Government 18:36 
    Guaranteed Religious Freedom 19:32 
    Persecuted Protestants 20:50 
    Political Factionalism 21:53 
   The British Increase Pressure on the Colonies 22:52 
    Navigation Act in 1651 24:19 
    Navigation Act in 1660 25:56 
    Navigation Act in 1663 26:30 
   English Domination of Commerce 27:02 
    The Revenue Act of 1673 27:22 
    Commercial Wars 27:58 
    A Punitive Legal Strategy 28:57 
    Divine Right 30:10 
   The Dominion of New England 30:46 
    The Dominion 31:11 
    Sir Edmund Andros 31:42 
    English Law and Customs 32:53 
   Excerpts From the Commission of Sir Edmund Andros 33:20 
    Imposing Levy Rates and Taxes 33:44 
    Executing Martial Law 34:22 
   Britain's American Empire in 1713 34:45 
   Dominion of New England and Sir Edmund Andros 37:27 
   The Glorious Revolution and Its Effects 38:30 
    Glorious Revolution 38:56 
    Mary and Williams of Orange 39:12 
    Constitutional Monarchs 39:28 
   The English Bill of Rights in 1689 and the Enlightenment 41:43 
    The English Bill of Rights 41:50 
    British Parliament 42:05 
    Two Treatises of Government 42:59 
   The Leviathan Absolutist State 44:28 
   The Demise of the Dominion of New England 46:03 
    Broke Up of the Dominion of New England 46:42 
    A New Royal Colony 47:06 
    The Restoration of Internal Self-Government 47:59 
    Board of Trade 48:16 
   Example 1 48:54 
   Example 2 51:29 
   Example 3 54:36 
  The British Empire in North America, Part II 1:00:58
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:06 
    Imperial Wars and Native People 3:13 
    Carolinas Armed with the Creek 3:50 
   Fighting in the North 5:03 
    The Abenakis and Mohawks 5:08 
    Aggressive Neutrality 6:09 
   Treaty of Utrecht 6:37 
    Western Indian Trade 7:03 
    Britain's Supremacy 7:24 
   The Imperial Slave Economy 7:40 
    The South Atlantic System 7:53 
    The Sugar Plantations 9:27 
   Sugar Revolution 10:09 
    Most Profitable Crop 10:21 
    Negative Effects 11:06 
   Africa, Africans and the Slave Trade 12:03 
    Changing the West African Society 12:36 
    Benin 13:02 
    The Imbalance of the Sexes 13:33 
   Slave Trade 14:00 
   Middle Passage 15:09 
   Slavery in the Chesapeake and SC 17:58 
    A Slave Society 18:10 
    An African American Community 20:28 
    The Gullah Dialect 21:06 
   A Black Majority Emerges in South Carolina 21:50 
   Images of Slavery 22:40 
   Resistance and Accommodation 26:34 
    Drastic Limits on African Americans 26:45 
    Slave Protests 27:35 
    Stono Rebellion of 1739 29:24 
   Stono Rebellion 29:58 
   The Emergence of the Southern Gentry 30:49 
    Patriarchal Society 31:03 
    The Planter Elite 31:08 
    Owning a Slave 32:33 
   Gentility 33:41 
    Gentility 33:46 
    The Profits of the South Atlantic System 34:42 
   The Northern Urban Shipbuilding Economy 35:01 
    Bills of Exchange 35:48 
    Shipbuilding and the Distilling of Rum 36:33 
    Commerce in Lumber and Shipbuilding 36:55 
    Wealthy Landowners and Merchants 37:13 
   The Rise of Colonial Assemblies 37:55 
    Ruling With Gentle Hand 37:13 
    American Representative Assemblies 39:02 
    The Rising Power of the Colonial Assemblies 39:20 
   The Power of the People Began to Grow 40:18 
    Crowd Actions 40:22 
    Representative Political Institutions 40:33 
   Salutary Neglect 41:07 
    Constitutional Monarchism 42:07 
    The Prime Minister 42:50 
   Radical Whigs 43:07 
    Faction 43:12 
    Incompetent Royal Bureaucracy 43:41 
   Walpole 44:24 
    Navigations Act 44:34 
    A Degree of Independence 44:44 
    Walpole's Concerns 45:04 
   War Against Spain 45:29 
    War of Jenkin's Ear 46:30 
    War of Austrian Succession 46:52 
    The Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle 48:36 
   The America Economic Challenge 49:04 
    Navigations Act 49:07 
    The Molasses Act of 1733 49:52 
    The Currency Act 50:20 
   Example 1 51:48 
   Example 2 55:42 
   Example 3 59:52 
  Freehold New England and Diverse Middle Colonies 32:29
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:08 
   Freehold Society in New England 1:03 
    Freeholders 2:25 
    Women and the Rural Household 2:42 
    Patriarchal Society 3:06 
   Farm Property and Inheritance 4:58 
    Laborer to Freeholder 5:39 
    Women Relinquished Ownership 6:43 
    Whole Communities 7:25 
   Challenges for Freehold Society 7:30 
    Double of the NE Population 7:44 
    Families' Petition 8:56 
    Livestock Economy 10:15 
    Preserving the Freehold Ideal 10:28 
   The Hudson River Manors 10:49 
   The Middle Atlantic Colonial Society 12:23 
    Grain Exports 13:07 
    The Hudson River Valley 13:56 
    Rural Pennsylvania and New Jersey 14:45 
   Economic Changes in Mid Atlantic 15:03 
    Social Division 15:17 
    “Outwork” Manufacturing System 15:42 
   Cultural and Religious Diversity 16:13 
   Cultural Diversity: Quakers and Germans 18:47 
    Preserving Cultural Identities of Migrants 19:02 
    German Cultural Heritage 20:25 
   Scots-Irish 20:39 
    Movement of Scots-Irish 20:50 
    Presbyterian Faith 21:28 
   Religious Identity and Political Conflict 21:52 
    Demanding a More Aggressive Indian Policy 22:15 
    Opposition to the Quakers 22:51 
   Economic and Demographic Changes in Mid Atlantic 24:18 
   Example 1 25:51 
   Example 2 28:00 
   Example 3 29:38 
  The Enlightenment and the Great Awakening in America 44:04
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:07 
   The Enlightenment 3:04 
    The Age of Reason 3:33 
    Empirical Research and Scientific Reasoning 5:25 
   Influential Enlightenment Ideas 6:45 
    Four Fundamental Principles 7:29 
    John Locke 8:03 
    Two Treaties of Government 9:28 
    Revolutionary Ideas 11:46 
    Two Non-clergy-led Universities 13:39 
   Deism 14:32 
    Accordance with the Law of Nature 14:50 
    Ben Franklin 15:50 
   Ben Franklin 16:02 
    Key Contributor of American Revolution 16:45 
    Founder of the Junto Club 17:12 
    American Philosophical Society 17:22 
   Franklin's Poor Richard's Almanak 18:16 
    Almanacs 18:25 
    Richard Saunders 18:35 
    Wise Maxims 18:49 
   American Pietism 19:53 
    Pietism 20:12 
    Evangelical Christian Movement 20:27 
    Jonathan Edwards 22:04 
   The Great Awakening 22:18 
    Christian Zeal 22:24 
    George Whitefield 23:10 
    New Light 23:48 
   George Whitefield 24:06 
   The Great Awakening 24:46 
    Growth of Churches 24:52 
    Emotionalism, Revivalism, Evangelicalism 24:58 
    Itinerant Ministers 25:32 
    New Colleges 25:42 
   Jonathan Edwards 26:14 
    Revivalist and Intellectual 27:01 
    Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God 27:20 
    Eternal Damnation 27:42 
   Religious Upheaval in the North 28:34 
    Old Light 28:38 
    Unconverted Sinners 30:22 
    Separatist Churches 30:35 
   Presbyterianism 31:26 
    Protestant Church Government 31:31 
    Geneva, Switzerland 31:50 
    Hostility of Irish Catholics 32:13 
   Reverend William Tennent 32:39 
    Scots-lrish Immigrant 32:49 
    Log College 33:16 
    Picture 34:02 
   Effects of the Great Awakening 34:08 
    Americans 34:45 
    Emotionalism 35:30 
    The Congregational and Presbyterian 36:45 
    Baptists and Methodists 37:10 
   Growth in the Number of Churches 37:35 
   Example 1 38:07 
   Example 2 41:09 
  The Great Awakening Spreads to the South and the French and Indian War 39:53
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:10 
   Social and Religious Conflict in the South 1:48 
    Challenging the Church of England and the Planter Elite 2:01 
    Freeholders 2:51 
    Religious Pluralism 3:16 
    Baptist Revivals 4:02 
   Baptist Revivals 4:41 
    Free Born Male Members 5:37 
    A New Religious identity 6:14 
   The First Three Wars 6:40 
    King William’s War 7:22 
    Queen Anne's War 8:46 
    King George's War 8:47 
   The Seven Years' War 9:42 
    French and Indian War 9:50 
    Iroquois Strategy 11:10 
   Beginning of French and Indian War 12:05 
    Ohio Valley 12:40 
    Fort Necessity 13:17 
   Join, Or Die 13:49 
   Pennsylvania Gazette 16:30 
   Ben Franklin's Albany Plan 16:50 
    The Board of Trade 17:39 
    One General Government 17:54 
   Significance of the Albany Plan 18:53 
    Demands for American Independence 18:56 
    Stamp Act Congress 19:37 
   Map of Conflicting Imperial Claims 21:04 
   The French and Indian War 21:35 
    Nova Scotia 21:39 
    Seven Years' War 22:17 
    William Henry 22:31 
   French and Indian War Map 22:56 
   End of War 23:36 
    Treaty of Easton 23:38 
    Quebec 24:02 
    The Treaty of Paris 24:30 
   Boundaries After Treaty of Paris 25:40 
   Pontiac's Rebellion 26:33 
    Ottawa Chief Pontiac 26:37 
    Indian Alliance 27:49 
   British Era 28:11 
   Other Effects of the War 28:49 
    American Military Ineptitude 29:27 
    Huge Debt 30:10 
    Defied the New Treaty 31:15 
    Paxton Boys 32:10 
   Example 1 32:53 
   Example 2 35:44 
   Example 3 37:55 

Section 3: Period 3: 1754-1800

  British Reorganization After the French and Indian War and Colonial Protest 42:59
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:10 
   British Shift in Policy Toward Colonists 1:00 
    Higher Import Duties 1:46 
    Discriminatory British Policies 3:44 
   British Expenditures and Revenue 4:04 
   British Law and Imperial Reform 4:57 
    The Supremacy of Parliamentary Laws 5:02 
    Second-Class Subjects 5:22 
    Currency Act 6:02 
   The Sugar Act 6:46 
    Navigation Act Loophole 7:01 
    Vice-Admiralty Court 7:45 
   The Stamp Act and Quartering Act Passed 8:28 
    Stamp Act 8:39 
    First Direct Tax 9:06 
    Quartering Act 10:06 
   Declaratory Act 10:33 
   Colonists Begin to Rebel 11:21 
    Virtual Representation 11:38 
    Patriots 12:23 
    Enlightenment Ideas 12:51 
   The Colonial Response 15:06 
    James Otis of MA 15:24 
    Stamp Act Congress 15:32 
    The Sons of Liberty 16:18 
   The Bostonians Paying the Exciseman or Tarring and Feathering 17:08 
    Extreme Measures 17:46 
    A British View 19:02 
   The Repeal or the Funeral Procession of Miss Ame-Stamp 19:49 
   Stamp Act Repealed 22:01 
    Declaratory Act 22:15 
    The Townshend Acts 22:52 
    Refuse to Drink Tea 23:03 
   More Acts, More Restrictions 23:30 
    The Revenue Act 23:38 
    Quartering Act 24:24 
   More Forms of Resistance 24:56 
    Daughters of Liberty, Boycotts and Homespuns 25:06 
    Boycotts of British Goods 26:50 
   Trade as a Political Weapon 27:26 
   Some Notable Patriots 27:57 
    Patrick Henry 28:04 
    John Adams 28:49 
   The Boston Massacre 30:11 
    The Boston Massacre 30:19 
    Paul Revere 31:28 
   Committees of Correspondence 32:11 
    The Rights and Grievances of the Colonists 32:36 
    More Organized Attempt 32:47 
   The Boston Tea Party: Reaction to Tea Act 33:07 
    Mohawk Indians 33:23 
    Crates of Tea 33:47 
    Sons of Liberty 34:04 
   British Reaction to Boston Tea Party 34:43 
    Closing Down the Port 35:07 
    Coercive Acts 35:35 
   Example 1 36:06 
   Example 2 38:47 
  The Road to Revolution 42:03
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:05 
   Coercive or “Intolerable” Acts 1:54 
    Self-Rule Acts 2:52 
    The Quebec Act 3:40 
    King George and Parliament 4:07 
   Colonial Response 4:18 
    Committees of Correspondence 4:20 
    The House of Burgesses 5:25 
    Thomas Jefferson 6:08 
   First Continental Congress 7:02 
    Rejection of Colonial Union 7:25 
    Stop all Trades with England 7:37 
    A Statement of Grievances 8:02 
    The Suffolk Resolves 9:20 
    James Galloway 9:59 
   The Declaration of the Rights and Grievances 11:16 
    Greater American Autonomy 11:31 
    Violations of the Rights of the Colonists 12:18 
   Rebellion Spreads to the Countryside 12:47 
    Changing Attitudes to Imperial Issues 13:35 
    Yeoman Tradition of Land Ownership 13:59 
   British Response 14:13 
    Illegal Assembly 14:29 
    Payment of Defense and Administration 14:55 
    Conciliatory Propositions 15:54 
   Lexington and Concord 16:26 
    Minutemen of Concord 16:37 
    Huge Losses 17:28 
   John Lodge's “View of the Attack on Bunker Hill, with the burning of Charles Town, June 17, 1775” 17:57 
   Loyal Americans Feared “Mob Rule” 18:24 
    Sons of Liberty 18:50 
    Pacifist Beliefs 19:04 
   The Second Continental Congress Organizes 20:05 
    Continental Army 20:38 
    John Dickinson of PA 21:10 
    Olive Branch Petition 21:33 
   Declaration of the Causes and Necessity of Taking Up Arms 23:09 
   Patriots Mobilize and Loyalists Join British 24:05 
    Zealous Patriots 24:11 
    Patriot Planters 26:45 
   Thomas Paine's “Common Sense” 26:52 
    Called for Independence 27:16 
    Common Sense 28:09 
    Against British Rule 28:39 
   Example 1 29:17 
   Example 2 31:48 
   Example 3 34:11 
  Independence Declared and the Revolutionary War 30:41
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:08 
   Independence Declared 1:01 
    Declaration of Independence 1:14 
    Thomas Jefferson 1:27 
    Principle of Individual Liberty 6:01 
    The Legitimacy of Republican State Government 7:05 
   War in the North 7:20 
    Patriots 7:27 
    The Loyalist Strongholds 8:02 
    Native Americans' Preference 8:17 
   The British Military and Strategy 8:46 
    Powerful Navy 8:52 
    Joseph Brant 9:15 
   The American Army and Strategy 10:15 
    Economically and Militarily Weak 10:25 
    New Continental Army 10:28 
    Guerilla Tactics 11:34 
   British Tactics 12:12 
    General Howe 12:19 
    Battle of Long Island 13:20 
    Trenton 13:34 
   1776-1777 Map 14:04 
   African-American Role in the War 14:30 
    Loyalists and Americans 14:42 
    Enslaved During the War 15:10 
   Women's Role in the War 15:32 
    Boycott of English Good 15:58 
    Abigail Adam's Letters 17:51 
    The Ladies Association 19:49 
    Washington’s Sewing Circle 20:00 
   Edenton Ladies Tea Party 20:11 
   Philadelphia on the Eve of the Revolution 21:15 
    General William Howe 21:39 
    Starvation at Valley Forge 21:58 
   Thomas Jeffery's, After George Heap. “ An East Prospect of the City of Philadelphia” 22:11 
   Turning Point: Battle of Saratoga 23:26 
    Saratoga 23:45 
    Captured British Troops and Equipment 24:18 
   End of War 24:36 
    Dutch Declared War Against Britain 24:44 
    Marquis de Lafayette 25:05 
    Yorktown 25:39 
    Treaty of Paris 26:28 
   Treaty of Paris in 1783 26:49 
   Example 1 27:33 
   Example 2 29:09 
  Creating Republican Institutions 44:52
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:06 
   Creating Republican Institutions 1:39 
    Sacred Fire of Liberty 2:04 
    The Destiny of the Republican Model 2:11 
    Experiment Entrusted to the hands of the American People 2:26 
   The State Constitutions, 1776-1787 2:41 
    Republicanism 3:22 
    New Constitutions 4:27 
    Voting Rights 5:48 
   John Adam's Influence 6:21 
    Thoughts on Government 6:56 
    PA Unicameral Legislature 7:08 
    Bicameral Legislature 8:07 
   Bicameral Legislature 8:43 
    Restricting Popular Power 8:49 
    Middling Circumstances 9:56 
   Women Seek a Public Voice 10:35 
    Second-Class Citizens 11:12 
    Abigail Adams 12:12 
    Vindication of the Rights of Woman 12:55 
    On the Equality of the Sexes 13:42 
   The Loyalist Exodus 14:21 
    Structure of Rural Communities 14:36 
    A Traditional-Oriented Economic Elite 15:00 
    Entrepreneurial-Minded Republican Merchants 15:13 
   In Search of a National Government 15:48 
    Weak Central Government 16:26 
    Continental Congress 16:39 
    First Constitution 17:34 
   Congressional Powers in the Articles 18:34 
    Conduct Wars and Foreign Relations 18:53 
    Adjudicate Disputes 19:38 
    Land Ordinances 20:04 
   The Confederation and the “Northwest” 20:17 
    Westward Expansion 20:50 
    Creation of Several Ordinances 21:49 
    Secessionist Movements 22:10 
   The Northwest Territory 22:46 
    Refused Morris's Proposal 23:18 
    Trans-Appalachian West 23:29 
    Native American Tribes 23:44 
   Map of Northwest and Southwest Territories 24:20 
   Ordinance of 1784 24:43 
   Ordinance of 1785 25:28 
   Northwest Ordinance of 1787 26:50 
    A Single NW Territory 27:12 
    Inhabitants 27:22 
   Weaknesses of the Articles 27:47 
    No Power to Tax 28:26 
    No Executive 28:53 
    Single Vote for Each State 29:02 
   Diplomatic Features 30:05 
    Great Lake Area 30:20 
    John Adams 31:10 
   Example 1 31:35 
   Example 2 34:28 
   Example 3 36:55 
  The Constitutional Convention and Debate Over Ratification 45:59
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:07 
   Debts, Taxes and Shays 3:31 
    Postwar Depression 3:41 
    Resentment of Farmers 4:00 
    Abolition of Imprisonment for Debt 4:33 
   Effects of Shays' Rebellion 5:29 
    Sentenced to Death 5:37 
    No Federal Army 5:54 
    A Riot Act 6:30 
   What Type of Government to Create? 7:20 
    A Stronger Central Government 8:07 
    Money Questions 8:16 
    Alexander Hamilton 9:15 
    James Madison 11:06 
   Madison's Virginia Plan 12:06 
    3-Tiered National Government 13:41 
    Lower House 13:58 
    Upper House 14:10 
   Patterson's New Jersey Plan 14:47 
    William Patterson 15:18 
    One-House Legislature 15:57 
    Tax and Regulate Commerce 16:06 
   The Great Compromise 16:30 
    Roger Sherman 16:43 
    Connecticut Plan 17:07 
    Legislature 17:30 
   Other Important Decisions 19:56 
    In One Supreme Court 20:00 
    The Electoral College 20:23 
    A Fugitive Clause 22:50 
   The Supreme Law of the Land 23:17 
    National Supremacy 23:28 
    The Constitution 24:19 
    Fear of Abuse of People's Rights 24:58 
   Federalism, Enlightenment and Republicanism 25:34 
    Federalism 25:47 
    Enlightenment Ideas 26:27 
    Enumerated Powers 27:04 
   Federalists V.S. Antifederalists 28:42 
    Federalists 28:55 
    The Federalist Papers 29:30 
    Antifederalists 30:25 
    A Bill of Rights 30:41 
   Completing the Structure 30:57 
    First Elections 31:25 
    Ratification 31:31 
    Washington and John Adams 31:35 
    First Ten Amendments 31:44 
    The Judiciary Act of 1789 31:58 
   Map of State Ratification of Constitution 32:17 
   Creation of a Cabinet and Three Departments 33:33 
   Example 1 34:32 
   Example 2 35:25 
   Example 3 42:23 
  The Early Nation and the Washington Administration 43:18
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:07 
   Status of Native Americans 1:55 
    Conflicts over Land 2:04 
    Nation Within a Nation 3:09 
    Tribal Sovereignty 3:20 
    Domestic Dependent Nations 4:54 
   Native American Conflicts 1780s 5:25 
    Trans-Appalachian West 5:43 
    Treaty of Fort Stanwix 6:02 
    Native Americans in Ohio 6:52 
   Native American Conflicts 1790s 7:01 
    Northwest Confederacy 7:24 
    Miami Warrior Little Turtle 7:45 
    Battle of Fallen Timbers 8:51 
    Treaty of Greenville 9:09 
   Hamilton and the Federalist Influence 9:30 
    Federalists 10:02 
    Alexander Hamilton 10:26 
    Public Credit 11:37 
   Alexander Hamilton's Economic Plan 12:06 
    Assume the Debts of the States 12:16 
    A National Bank 12:56 
    Excise Tax 13:13 
   The Federalist Program 14:24 
    The Funding Bill 14:32 
    Potomac River 15:48 
    National Bank of the US 16:08 
    Public Credit 16:15 
   The Republican Opposition 16:39 
    The Emerging of the Republican Party 17:30 
    Agrarian Republic 18:17 
    Decentralization 19:20 
   Strict V.S. Broad Constructionism 20:11 
    Strict Constructionism 21:39 
    Elastic Clause 22:45 
    Loose or Broad Constructionism 24:01 
   Washington Wins 1792 Election 25:14 
    The Whiskey Rebellion 25:50 
    The Militia 26:21 
   Early Foreign Policy 26:51 
    Neutral Policy 27:23 
    Diplomat Edmond Genet 28:05 
    French West Indies 29:19 
   Jay's Treaty 29:48 
    Federalist John Jay 30:17 
    Opposition to Jay's Treaty 31:44 
   Pinckney's treaty in 1795 31:56 
    Thomas Pinckney 32:08 
    Mississippi River 32:27 
    Executive Privilege 33:15 
   Downfall of the Federalists 33:37 
    Republicans Rose in Power 33:44 
    Preserving Stability 34:03 
   The Election of 1796 35:08 
    Farewell Address 35:46 
    John Adams 37:13 
   Example 1 37:46 
   Example 2 40:50 

Section 4: Period 4: 1800-1848

  Adams and The Jeffersonian Era 48:14
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:05 
   John Adams 1:48 
    Political Philosopher 2:40 
    French Revolution and Haitian Revolution 3:13 
    Not a Slave Owner 3:46 
    Falling out with Jefferson 4:34 
   Relations with France Deteriorate 5:32 
    XYZ Affair 7:12 
    A Huge Backlash 7:33 
    New Warships 7:59 
    Rejected the Federalist Approach 8:33 
   Alien and Sedition Acts 9:06 
    Alien Act 9:23 
    French Revolution 9:48 
    1st Amendment's Prohibition 11:19 
   Republican Response 12:21 
    VA and KY Resolutions 12:26 
    Undelegated Powers 12:40 
    States' Rights Interpretation of the Constitution 13:06 
   Jefferson Becomes President in 1800 13:50 
    Election of 1800 14:34 
    Burr 15:15 
    Voting for Jefferson 15:35 
   Jefferson Elected 15:51 
    Electoral College 15:58 
    Revolution of 1800 16:44 
   Judiciary Act of 1801 17:37 
    Midnight Appointments 18:08 
    Marbury V. Madison 19:26 
   Marbury V. Madison 19:41 
    Judicial Review 20:17 
    John Marshall 21:29 
    Samuel Chase 21:40 
   Thomas Jefferson 21:51 
    Architect, Intellectual, Writer 22:00 
    Urbanization 22:52 
    Expansion of US Territory 23:57 
   Monticello 24:23 
   Limits on Government 25:06 
    Abolishing Internal Taxes 15:15 
    The U.S. Military Academy at West Point 26:06 
   U.S. French Relations 26:25 
    Secret Treaty of San Ildefonso of 1800 27:03 
    Unrest in the Caribbean Islands 28:02 
    New Republic of Haiti 28:35 
   Napoleon and L'ouverture 29:44 
   Other Foreign Policy Challenges 30:05 
    Pinckney Treaty of 1795 30:28 
    Robert Livingston 30:42 
   Louisiana Purchase of 1803 31:46 
    Proposal of Buying Louisiana 32:17 
    Signed the Agreement 32:30 
    Louisiana Admitted as a State 32:57 
   Louisiana Purchase 33:07 
   Lewis and Clark 33:34 
    Missouri River 34:15 
    Records to Geography and Civilizations 34:43 
   Lewis, Clark and Sacajawea 35:07 
   The Burr Conspiracy 35:24 
    Essex Junto 36:00 
    Aaron Burr 36:23 
   Other Challenges for Jefferson 37:27 
    War of 1812 37:44 
    Napoleonic War 37:51 
    Chesapeake-Leonard Incident 39:03 
   Jefferson's Proposal: Embargo 39:35 
    Embargo 41:02 
    A Controversial Policy 41:53 
    Exports 42:17 
   Example 1 42:35 
   Example 2 44:46 
  Period IV: James Madison and the War of 1812 44:36
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:06 
   Election of 1808 2:24 
    Non-Intercourse Act in 1809 3:12 
    Macon's Bill No. 2 in 1810 3:43 
   Madison Faces Challenges 4:24 
    France Stop interfering with US Shipping 4:34 
    Indians in Ohio River Valley 5:14 
   Westward Expansion and Clashes With Native Americans 5:34 
    Treaty of Grenville in 1795 6:25 
    The Harrison Land Law 6:57 
    William Henry Harrison 7:25 
   Tenskwatawa, “The Prophet” 8:18 
    Shawnee Leader 8:42 
    Spiritual Revival 10:07 
   Tecumseh: “The Shooting Star” 10:29 
    Against White Civilization 10:43 
    Battle of Tippecanoe 11:12 
   Florida and War Fever 12:04 
    War Hawks 13:58 
    Henry Clay of Kentucky 14:10 
    John C. Calhoun of SC 14:13 
   Causes of War and Divisions 14:50 
    Naval Blockade 15:44 
    A Divided Nation 16:53 
    Anti-War Groups 17:36 
   The War of 1812 18:53 
    Land Campaign 20:11 
    Invaded Canada through Detroit 20:25 
    General Hull 20:37 
   The War of 1812: “Mr. Madison's War” 21:05 
   Map of the War 24:16 
   The White House Burns in 1814 27:05 
   The Revolt of New England 28:04 
    Daniel Webster 28:36 
    Talk of Secession 29:20 
    Hartford Convention 29:35 
   The Effects of the War of 1812 31:07 
    Respect Canada as a Neighbor 31:42 
    Debate over Missouri Territory 32:01 
    Rise of Sectionalism 32:20 
    Territorial Expansion for Anglo-Americans 33:21 
    The Treaty of Ghent 33:56 
    The Rush-Bagot Agreement of 1817 34:54 
   Example 1 35:12 
   Example 2 37:59 
   Example 3 42:15 
  Period IV: The Growing Economy, The American System and The 'Era of Good Feelings' 35:25
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:08 
   The Growing Economy 2:32 
    Manufacturing Increased 2:39 
    The Bank of the U.S. 2:59 
    Building of a National Network of Roads and Waterways 3:24 
    Tariff of 1816 4:04 
   Transportation System Improvements 6:01 
    Potomac River to the Ohio River 6:09 
    President Madison 7:54 
   Conestoga Wagon 8:25 
   Henry Clay's American System 8:35 
    Protective Tariffs 8:43 
    National Bank 8:52 
    Internal Improvements 8:55 
   The Panic of 1819 9:56 
    The First Major Financial Panic 10:26 
    Tight Credit Policy 10:37 
    Debt Increased Sharply 10:53 
   Westward Expansion 11:14 
    The Population Doubled 11:30 
    The Factor System 12:08 
   The Plantation System in the Southwest 13:17 
    Black Belt 14:15 
    Cotton Plantations and Slavery 14:31 
    Four States Admitted to the Union 15:25 
   Trade and Trapping in the Far West 15:45 
    Mexico Gained Independence 16:08 
    U.S. Traders 16:39 
    Jedediah Smith 17:37 
   Exploration of the West 18:03 
    Plattee 18:36 
    The Great American Desert 18:56 
   James Monroe 19:13 
    Virginia Dynasty 19:22 
    John Quincy Adams 20:25 
    John C. Calhoun 20:32 
   John Quincy Adams and Florida 21:04 
    A Committed Nationalist 21:16 
    Negotiations with Spain 21:25 
    Andrew Jackson 21:41 
    Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819 22:52 
   Adams-Onis Treaty 24:02 
   Sectional Conflicts 24:57 
    The Extension of Slavery 25:06 
    The Tallmadge Amendment 26:32 
   Missouri Compromise 27:14 
    A Free State 27:21 
    A Slave State 28:11 
   MO Compromise 28:29 
   Example 1 30:16 
   Example 2 31:53 
  John Marshall, the Federalist Legacy and James Monroe's Foreign Policy 35:22
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:09 
   John Marshall and the Federalist Legacy 1:10 
    Judicial Authority, the Supremacy of Laws and Traditional Property Rights 1:51 
    The Interests of Propertied and Commercial Classes 2:25 
    Long Term Mark on the Court 3:02 
   Fletcher v. Peck in 1810 3:30 
    Land Frauds 3:42 
    Contract Clause 5:42 
    Property Rights 7:00 
   Dartmouth College v. Woodward in 1819 7:40 
    College's Charter 8:04 
    Expanded the Meaning of Contract Clause 8:27 
    The Corporate Charter 8:48 
   McCulloch v. Maryland in 1819 9:20 
    Constitutionality of the Bank of the United States 11:16 
    Implied Powers 11:34 
    Power to Destroy 12:05 
   Gibbons v. Ogden in 1824 12:23 
    A State Grant 14:29 
    Interstate Commerce 14:38 
   Johnson v. McIntosh in 1823 15:01 
    Sold Land to White Settlers 16:19 
    Take Land from Tribes 16:44 
   Worcester v. Georgia in 1823 17:49 
    Establish Native American Sovereignty 18:51 
    Marshall Affirmed the Rights of Tribes 19:32 
   Foreign Policy Under Monroe 20:39 
    U.S.-Latin American Trade Relations 22:46 
    Neutrality 23:40 
    Establish Diplomatic Relations 25:08 
   Monroe Doctrine in 1823 25:53 
    “Backyard” of the U.S. 27:05 
    Nationalistic Policy 28:26 
    Secretary o State John Q. Adams 28:40 
   Example 1 30:00 
   Example 2 32:43 
  John Quincy Adams, Growing Sectional Tension, and the Capitalist Commonwealth 47:41
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:08 
   The Election of 1824 1:17 
    State Legislatures 1:52 
    William H. Crawford 3:08 
    The Demise of the Caucus System 3:49 
    House of Representatives 4:43 
    Henry Clay as Secretary of State 6:14 
    Corrupt Bargain 6:30 
   John Quincy Faces Obstacles 7:05 
    Partisan Tensions Emerged 7:16 
    International Issues 7:33 
    Conflict with Georgia 8:36 
   The Controversial Tariff of 1828 9:29 
    Tariff on Imported Goods 9:32 
    Tariff of Abominations 10:01 
    A Huge Backlash in New England 10:37 
   Capitalism and the Commonwealth 10:55 
    Common-wealth 11:42 
    Abrupt Drop in Worldwide Prices 12:50 
    Business Cycle 13:23 
   Transportation Improvements 13:58 
    The Sale of Privately Owned Land 14:43 
    Marshall Court 15:37 
    First Railroad Lines 15:48 
   Transportation Innovations 16:24 
    Trade Ventures 16:30 
    Shipping Industry 16:37 
    James Watt 16:42 
    Robert Fulton and Robert Livingston 16:51 
    Turnpikes 17:13 
    Erie Canal Project 17:17 
   George Harvey's “Pittsford on the Erie Canal” in 1837 18:37 
   Erie Canal 18:53 
   Growth of U.S. Industry 20:14 
    Factory System 20:27 
    Eli Whitney 22:35 
    Changes in Corporate Law 24:08 
    Trade/Craft Unions 25:00 
   Commonwealth v. Hunt in 1842 26:32 
    Peaceful Unions 26:59 
    Labor Contracts 27:08 
   Cities Continue to Grow 28:09 
    Northerners 29:00 
    Agriculture and the Rise in Immigrants 29:13 
    Peculiar Institution 30:01 
   Effects of the Market Revolution 31:31 
    Isolated Lives 32:29 
    Women's Rights 32:40 
    Less Arranged Marriages 33:17 
    The Growth of the Cotton Industry 34:07 
   Example 1 34:18 
   Example 2 36:55 
   Example 3 39:18 
  Republicanism, The Second Great Awakening and Antebellum Reform Movements 40:04
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:51 
   A Democratic Republican Culture 1:54 
    Republican Marriages 2:44 
    Republican Motherhood 4:56 
    Raising Republican Children 7:10 
    Promoting Cultural Independence 8:32 
   Aristocratic Republicanism and Slavery 9:55 
    Necessary Evil 11:32 
    Wages-Slaves 11:50 
    Gabriel Prosser 12:35 
    Outlawed Slave Trade 13:47 
   Voting Rights Expand 14:05 
   The Antislavery Movement Early 1800s 15:06 
    Black Abolitionists 15:24 
    Haitian Revolution 15:42 
    The American Colonization Society 17:43 
    Liberia 18:19 
   Richard Allen 20:04 
   The Second Great Awakening 21:33 
    Huge Evangelized Hubs 22:27 
    Evangelic Methodist and Baptist Churches 23:09 
    Timothy Dwight and Charles Finney 23:33 
   Revival Meetings Could Last Up to a Week 23:53 
   Effects of the Second Great Awakening 26:01 
    A Fervently Protestant People 26:30 
    Academies 27:56 
    Women's Rights and Temperance Movements 28:22 
    Revivalism 29:20 
    Camp Meeting 29:27 
    Rationalism/Enlightenment (Deism) 29:45 
    Charles Grandison Finney 30:53 
   Finney and Revival 31:32 
   Other Religious Groups Arise 31:51 
    The Shakers 32:15 
    The United Society of Believers in Christ's Second Appearing 33:10 
    Utopian Society 34:22 
   The Shakers 35:27 
   Example 1 36:17 
   Example 2 38:43 
  Utopian Communal Societies, the Temperance Movement, and Nativism 47:18
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:10 
   Rural Communalism and Utopian Societies 2:24 
    Fourierism 4:06 
    Utopian Socialism 5:05 
    Members of Phalanxes 5:37 
    100 Cooperative Communities 5:42 
   Other Communal Experiments 6:26 
    The Amana Colonies in Iowa 6:29 
    New Harmony 6:53 
    Utopian Socialist Community 7:10 
   Major Communal Experiment Before 1860 8:39 
   The Oneida Community 10:11 
    John Humphrey Noyes 10:18 
    Complex Marriage 10:22 
    Female Followers 11:38 
    Silverware Production 13:17 
   The Mormons, 1830 14:01 
    The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints 14:11 
    Joseph Smith 14:14 
    Brigham Young 16:23 
   The Mormon Trail 16:45 
   Immigration and Cultural Conflict 17:10 
    Potato Famine 19:27 
    German/Irish 20:15 
    Cholera Epidemic 21:26 
    Immigrant Communities 21:41 
   The Surge in Immigration, 1854-1855 22:14 
   Backlash Against Immigrant Groups 23:04 
    Low Wages 23:18 
    Nativist groups 26:11 
    Immigrants were Scapegoats 26:54 
    Alcoholism 27:02 
    Samuel F.B. Morse 28:00 
   The Temperance Movement 28:33 
    Reform Movement Against Drunkenness 29:07 
    The American Society for the Promotion of Temperance 30:56 
    Temperance Legislation 31:37 
   The Drunkard's Progress 32:27 
   Carrie Nation, The Bar Room Smasher 33:58 
   Conservative Social Reform 35:30 
    Congregational and Presbyterian Ministers 35:46 
    Prison Discipline Society 36:24 
    Regular Habits 36:32 
    Sabbatarian Values 37:10 
   Example 1 38:45 
   Example 2 41:20 
   Example 3 42:46 
  Jacksonian Democracy 40:25
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:07 
   The Rise of Popular Politics 2:21 
    Expansion of the Vote 2:30 
    Presidential Electors 3:17 
    No Franchise 4:01 
   The Political Machine 4:38 
    Martin Van Buren 5:58 
    Patronage 6:30 
    Spoils System 6:46 
    Jacksonians 8:32 
   Changing in Voting Patterns 8:52 
   Jackson Runs a Tough Campaign 10:57 
   Age of Jackson 11:42 
    Jackson's Inauguration 13:23 
    Reign of King Mob 13:45 
    Economic Equality 14:41 
   First Days in Office 15:14 
   Whigs 15:54 
    Against Jackson 17:09 
    Like a Monarch 17:18 
    Northern Whigs 18:02 
    Southern Whigs 18:57 
   President of the Common Man 19:22 
    Self-Made man from TN 19:27 
    Equal Protection and Equal Benefits 19:31 
    No Region 19:58 
    Permanent Office Holders 21:07 
    Frugal Jeffersonian 21:43 
   To the Victors Belong the Spoils 21:48 
    Spoils System 21:50 
    A Central, Corrupting Feature 22:40 
    To the Victors Belong the Spoils 23:44 
   Jackson's Political Rivals: Clay 24:14 
    Four Internal Improvement Bills 24:44 
    The Bank of the United States 25:22 
    Vetoing Numerous Bills 25:40 
   The Rise of Martin Van Buren and Jackson's Scandalous Cabinet 26:05 
    Kitchen Cabinet 26:54 
    Albany Regency 27:18 
    Senator Eaton 27:28 
   The Rats Leaving a Falling House 28:50 
   Calhoun and Nullification 29:33 
    John C. Calhoun of South Carolina 29:40 
    Nullification 30:04 
    Tariff of Abominations 30:20 
    Sectional Controversy 31:15 
   Nullification Crisis 31:45 
    Preserve Federal Union 32:54 
    A Force Bill 33:45 
   Compromise Reached 34:09 
    Henry Clay 34:14 
    Passed the Compromise and Force Bill 34:33 
    Nullification of the Tariffs 34:40 
   Example 1 35:09 
   Example 2 37:54 
    Four Internal Improvement Bills 24:44 
    The Bank of the United States 25:22 
    Vetoing Numerous Bills 25:40 
   The Rise of Martin Van Buren and Jackson's Scandalous Cabinet 26:05 
    Kitchen Cabinet 26:54 
    Albany Regency 27:18 
    Senator Eaton 27:28 
   The Rats Leaving a Falling House 28:50 
   Calhoun and Nullification 29:33 
    John C. Calhoun of South Carolina 29:40 
    Nullification 30:04 
    Tariff of Abominations 30:20 
    Sectional Controversy 31:15 
   Nullification Crisis 31:45 
    Preserve Federal Union 32:54 
    A Force Bill 33:45 
   Compromise Reached 34:09 
    Henry Clay 34:14 
    Passed the Compromise and Force Bill 34:33 
    Nullification of the Tariffs 34:40 
   Example 1 35:09 
   Example 2 37:54 
  Jackson, The Removal of Native Americans and The Bank Veto 43:48
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:08 
   “King” Jackson and Native Americans 2:01 
    Vetoed 12 Bills 2:45 
    Abusing Power 3:13 
    Land-Hungry Citizens 4:30 
   “King Jackson” 4:55 
   Attitudes Toward Native Americans 6:42 
    White Expansion 6:49 
    Get Rid of Indian Landholdings 7:26 
    Indian Removal Act 7:48 
   The “Five Civilized Tribes” 8:08 
    Cherokees 9:23 
    Southern Indians 10:11 
   Tribal Map in Southeast 10:37 
   The Indian Removal Act, 1830 11:00 
    The Resettlement of Many Thousands of American Indians 11:06 
    Bureau of Indian Affairs 11:28 
   The Black Hawk War 12:01 
    Chief Black Hawk 12:12 
    Last Battle 12:26 
    70 Indian Nation to Sign Treaties 13:02 
   Portrait of Black Hawk by Charles Bird King 13:26 
   Worcester v. Georgia in 1832 13:55 
    Worcester 15:27 
    Native American Sovereignty 15:54 
    The Rights of Tries to Remain Free from the State Government 16:11 
   Jackson's Response 16:54 
    Let the Court Enforce It 16:56 
    Removal Continued 17:26 
   Johnson v. McIntosh in 1823 17:32 
    Illinois and Pinakeshaw 17:50 
    Buy Land from Tribes not from Individuals 18:11 
   Indian Removal 18:33 
   Trail of Tears 20:07 
   Trail of Tears, a 1200 Mile Journey 20:44 
   The Seminole War 21:37 
    The Seminoles of Florida 21:55 
    The Struggle Dragged on for Years 22:18 
    Uprising in 1835 22:30 
   Osceola 23:24 
   “The Indians and Negroes Massacre the Whites in Florida, in January 1836” 23:30 
   Result of Removal 25:07 
    Less Hospitable Lands of the Mississippi 25:26 
    Disease or Exhaustion 26:37 
    Alien Environment 26:46 
   Jackson's Bank Veto 27:03 
    Most Powerful Financial Institution in the Nation 27:30 
    Nicholas Biddle 27:50 
    The “Soft Money” Faction 28:12 
    The Hard money Position 28:33 
    Henry Clay 29:56 
    Private Monopoly 30:19 
   Jackson's Second Term 31:13 
    Destroy the “Monster” Bank 31:26 
    Attorney General Roger B. Taney 31:56 
    Raising Interest Rates and Calling in Loans 32:10 
    Chronically Unstable Banking System 32:46 
   Jackson Cartoon 33:14 
   Jackson's Species Circular 35:52 
    Inflated Prices for Land and Various Goods 36:01 
    Specie Circular 36:12 
    The Panic of 1837 36:38 
   Example 1 37:41 
   Example 2 40:09 
  Democrats, Whigs, and the Second Party System 36:37
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:06 
   Taney Appointed to the Court 1:32 
    Charles River Bridge v. Warren Bridge 2:19 
    Promote General Happiness 2:44 
    Exercising a Monopoly 3:18 
    Expansion of Economic Opportunity 3:35 
   The Whigs Respond to the Democrats 4:03 
    Second Party System 5:14 
    Laissez-Faire Capitalism 5:53 
    Irish and German Catholics 6:35 
   Whig Ideology 6:52 
    Expanding the Power of the Federal Government 6:53 
    Supporters of Legislation 7:37 
    Anti-Mason Movement 8:10 
   The “Great Triumvirate” 8:20 
    Henry Clay 8:40 
    Daniel Webster 8:53 
    John Calhoun 9:01 
   Election of 1836 9:28 
    Van Buren 9:34 
    Nominating Four Candidates From Different Regions 10:14 
   An Affecting Scene in Kentucky 10:35 
   1836 Election Cartoon 12:48 
   Divided Leadership Affects 1836 Election 14:51 
    Martin Van Buren and Democrats 14:58 
    Individual Rights 15:05 
    The Failed Plan 15:22 
   The Panic of 1837 15:49 
    Distribution Act 16:45 
    Land Speculative Fever Resulted 16:54 
    Independent Treasury System 17:56 
    Image of the Panic of 1837 18:50 
   Depression of 1837 21:25 
    The Ideology of Artisan Republicanism 21:41 
    Unions to Bargain for Higher Wages 22:06 
    Closed Shops Agreements 22:23 
   Effects of the Depression 23:09 
    Prohibited “Conspiracies” in Restraint of Trade 23:12 
    The Democratic Party 24:22 
   Commonwealth v. Hunt in 1842 24:35 
    Peaceful Unions 24:50 
    Upheld the Rights of Workers 25:06 
    Ten-Hour Day for Federal Employees 25:30 
   Log Cabin Campaign of 1840 25:50 
    Penny Press 26:50 
    The Party of the Common People 27:30 
    William Henry Harrison 27:47 
   Log Cabin Campaign 28:02 
   Harrison Wins 28:24 
    234 V.S. 60 Electoral Votes 28:40 
    Re-Charter bank 29:19 
    Preemption Act of 1841 29:32 
   Foreign Policy Highlights 30:09 
    Caroline 30:23 
    Aroostook war 30:41 
    Creole 30:55 
    Webster-Ashburton Treaty 31:32 
    Extraterritoriality 31:53 
   Example 1 33:05 
   Example 2 35:36 
  Transcendentalists and the American Renaissance 37:43
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:06 
   Individualism 0:54 
    Alexis de Tocqueville 1:14 
    Individualism 1:48 
   Transcendentalism 3:12 
    Intellectual Movement 3:19 
    Individuality Self-Reliance and Nonconformity 3:48 
    Instincts and Emotion 4:32 
   Transcendentalists 4:55 
    Understanding 5:05 
    Transcend the Limits of the Intellect 5:22 
    Concord, MA 5:55 
    Images of Transcendentalists 6:07 
   Ralph Waldo Emerson 7:11 
    Leading Spokesman of this Movement 7:35 
    The American Scholar 8:31 
    Outpouring of First Class novel, Poetry and Essays 9:18 
    Original Relation with Nature 10:39 
    Ordinary Middle-Class Americans 10:56 
    New Industrial Society 11:35 
   Henry David Thoreau 12:04 
    Lives of Quiet Desperation 12:16 
    Self-Realization 12:34 
    Walden and Life in the Woods 13:10 
    Resistance to Civil Government 13:36 
   The Defense of Nature 16:34 
    The Rapid Economic Development 17:00 
    Inspiration and Spirituality 17:17 
   Gender Roles Redefined 17:49 
    Woman in the Nineteenth Century 17:59 
    Mystical Relationship with God 18:53 
    The Questioning of Gender Roles 19:23 
   Emergence of a Broad Array of Movement 19:49 
    Romanticism 19:57 
    Order and Control 20:33 
    Slavery Overshadowed 21:25 
   Romanticism and Nationalism 21:49 
    The Need to Improve the American Culture 21:55 
    Romanticism for Inspiration 22:05 
   Literature and the Quest for Liberation 22:19 
    Washington Irving's James Fenimore Cooper 22:59 
    Walt Whitman 23:43 
    Democracy, The liberation of the Individual and the Pleasures of the Flesh 24:04 
    Herman Melville 24:28 
    Strength of Individual Will 24:47 
    Edgar Allen Poe 25:09 
   BrookFarm: A Utopian Experiment 25:33 
    Nathaniel Hawthorne 25:35 
    Brook Farm 25:56 
    Form of Socialism 26:13 
    All Share in the Leisure 26:36 
   Southern Literature 27:40 
    Historical Romances of the Plantation System 27:50 
    William Gilmore Simms 28:13 
    The Lives of Ordinary People and Poor Whites 28:49 
    Mark Twain 29:09 
   American Landscape Painting 29:15 
    Hudson River School 29:25 
    Nature is the Source of Wisdom 29:50 
    Albert Bierstadt and Thomas Moran 30:45 
    Examples of Landscape Painting 30:53 
   Example 1 31:45 
   Example 2 34:08 
  Abolitionism 46:20
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:05 
   Free Blacks Urge Others to “Elevate” 1:17 
    Social Uplift 1:19 
    Whites Led Mob Attack Against Blacks 3:25 
    Moderates and Extremists 3:48 
   The Antislavery Movement 4:04 
    American Colonization Society 4:15 
    Gradual Manumission of Slaves 4:48 
    Decline of Antislavery Movement 5:30 
   Abolitionists 5:36 
    Free African Americans 6:21 
    Threat of Being Kidnapped 7:10 
    Liberator 8:07 
   Moderate and Extreme Approaches 8:20 
    Advocating for Moderate Approach 8:29 
    Radical Abolitionists 8:56 
    Evangelical Christians 10:32 
   William Lloyd Garrison 11:01 
    Newspaper: Liberator 11:08 
    Reject Gradualism 12:42 
    New England Antislavery Society 13:04 
   David Walker 13:36 
    Walker's Appeal to the Colored Citizens 14:01 
    National Convention in Philly 15:10 
    Collective Equality for All Blacks 15:40 
   Nat Turner 16:06 
    Bloody Revolt in Southampton Country, Virginia 16:55 
    Turner's Men 17:40 
    The Virginia Legislature 19:30 
    Southern States Toughened their Slave Codes 20:00 
   The Underground Railroad 20:21 
   Frederick Douglass 23:10 
    Most Powerful Abolitionists and Orators 23:13 
    North Star in Rochester, NY 23:35 
    Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass 24:35 
    Friend with Garrison 25:34 
   Douglass and the North Star 27:01 
   Other Evangelical Abolitionists 27:11 
    Theodore Dwight Weld 27:18 
    Angelina and Sarah Grimke 27:39 
    American Anti-Slavery Society 29:31 
    Sojourner Truth 29:56 
   Anti-Abolitionism 32:12 
    Backlash Against Abolitionist Movement 32:14 
    Prudence Crandall 32:56 
    Abolitionist Headquarters 33:27 
   Amistad 33:35 
    The Spanish Slave Vessel Amistad 33:39 
    Prigg v. PA 34:18 
    Federal Fugitive Slave Laws 34:47 
   Abolitionists and Politics 35:04 
    Ban Interstate Slave Trade and Abolish Slavery 35:10 
    Restrict the Use of Mail 35:28 
    The Liberty Party 35:55 
    James G. Birney 36:11 
    Free Soil 36:21 
    Women's Rights 37:38 
   Example 1 38:09 
   Example 2 40:46 
   Example 3 43:09 
  Women's Rights Movement and Antebellum Reform 46:20
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:07 
   Education Reforms 1:05 
    Horace Mann 1:56 
    Reorganized the School System 2:25 
    Literacy Rate 2:54 
   Experimental Schools 5:17 
    Self-Realization 5:23 
    Perkins School 5:44 
    Social Value and Democratize the U.S. 6:03 
   Rehabilitation 6:19 
    The Asylum Movement 6:34 
    Dorothea Dix 6:45 
   The Rise of Feminism 8:09 
    Sarah and Angelina Grimke 9:11 
    Other Reformers 9:37 
    Married Women's Property Acts 10:09 
   Seneca Falls 10:40 
    Society of Friends 10:44 
    Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions 11:39 
    The Women's Right 13:11 
   Declaration of Sentiments 13:38 
   Quakers Influence Feminist Movement 14:36 
    Sexual Equality 14:47 
    Stanton Were Quakers 15:25 
    Lucy Stone 16:26 
    Emma Willard 17:08 
    Catherine Beecher 17:21 
   Feminist Style of Clothing 17:39 
    Bloomer 17:42 
    Amelia Bloomer 17:54 
   Example 1 18:54 
   Example 2 21:08 
   Example 3 23:30 

Section 5: Period 5: 1844-1877

  Manifest Destiny, Westward Expansion, And Increased Sectionalism 43:51
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:08 
   Westward Expansion 3:17 
    Manifest Destiny 5:25 
    Penny Press 7:10 
    Empire of Liberty 7:50 
   John Gast's American Progress 8:05 
   Americans in Texas 10:03 
    Interested in Texas 10:14 
    American Immigration Into Texas 12:02 
    Stephen Austin 12:47 
    Revolt Broke Out 13:20 
   Stephen Austin: “The father of Texas” and Sam Houston, the First President of the Republic of Texas 13:36 
   Tensions between U.S. and Mexico 14:02 
    Legalize Slavery 14:10 
    Instability in Mexico 15:33 
    Independence of Texas 16:07 
    Battle of San Jacinto 16:20 
   U.S. Settlements and The Texas War of Independence 17:09 
    U.S. Annexation of Texas 17:09 
    Southern Democrats 17:38 
    Election of 1844 17:47 
    President martin Van Buren Refused 18:30 
   Main Battles in the Texas War of Independence 18:55 
   Oregon 19:51 
    U.S. and British Sovereignty 19:58 
    The Catholic Missionaries From Canada 20:30 
    Oregon Fever 20:55 
    A Measles Epidemic 21:32 
   Huge Westward Migration and Trails 21:50 
    Great Overland Trails 22:13 
    Gender Lines 23:26 
   Expansion Issue Politicized 23:37 
    The Election of 1844 23:39 
    President Tyler 23:48 
    James Polk 24:27 
    Fifty Four Forty or Fight 24:38 
   Compromise over Oregon And The Southwest 25:26 
    Border 49th Parallel 25:30 
    The Northern Border of Oregon 25:50 
    Zachary Taylor 26:13 
    The Mexican American War 26:30 
   Map of the U.S.-Mexican War 26:43 
   U.S.-Mexican War 28:30 
    John Slidell 28:34 
    Whig Critics 28:54 
    Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo 29:19 
   Mexican Cession 29:42 
   Polk Supports Extending the Missouri Compromise Line 30:43 
    Banning Slavery North of the Line and Permitting it South of the Line 31:19 
    Popular Sovereignty 31:31 
   The Sectional Debate Heats Up 31:41 
    Polk's Expansionist Agenda 32:05 
    The Wilmot Proviso 32:44 
    A Threat to Republican Liberties and White Yeoman Farming 33:38 
   Dissent and Divergence 34:08 
    Dissenter of the U.S.-Mexican War 34:27 
    Frederick Douglass 35:46 
    Diverging Views of Douglass and Garrison 36:46 
   Example 1 37:32 
   Example 2 40:54 
   Example 3 41:50 
  The Expansion of Slavery and Resistance to its Expansion 1:05:00
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:09 
   Election of 1848 1:10 
    Free-Soil Party 2:04 
    Taylor Won 2:38 
   Antislavery Democrats: “ Barnburners” 2:54 
   The California Gold Rush 4:26 
    Increased in Non-Native American Population 5:39 
    Forty-Niners 5:56 
    Chinese Migrants 6:38 
   The California Gold Rush Images and Map 7:27 
   California and Gold Rush Map 9:41 
   Effects of the Gold Rush 10:34 
    A Labor Shortage 10:36 
    Indian Hunters 11:17 
    Heterogeneous Population 11:50 
   Rising Sectional Differences 12:05 
    The Balance of Slave and Free States 12:12 
    Personal Liberty Laws and Fugitive Slave Laws 12:34 
    A Series of Compromises 13:14 
   Compromise of 1850 13:30 
    Fillmore 14:48 
    California Join the Union as a Free State 14:55 
    Fugitive Slave Law 15:17 
    Temporarily Preserved the Union 16:37 
   Map of the Compromise of 1850 16:43 
   Crisis of the 1850s 17:39 
    Franklin Pierce 17:45 
    Young America 19:59 
    The Ostend Manifesto 19:24 
   Railroads, Slavery, and Sectionalism 20:02 
    Westward Expansion 20:11 
    Better Communication 20:28 
    Gadsen Purchase 20:50 
   Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 21:45 
    Popular Sovereignty 22:03 
    Missouri Compromise was Repealed 23:01 
    A Scramble of Pro- and Anti-slavery Settlers 23:42 
    Republican Party 24:05 
    Anti-Nebraska Dems 24:25 
   Map of the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 24:48 
   Bleeding Kansas 25:39 
    Pro-Slavery Forces 26:23 
    Free-Staters 26:29 
    President Pierce 26:51 
    John Brown 28:16 
    Pottawatomie Massacre 28:42 
   Tragic Prelude 29:04 
   Charles Summer's “The Crime Against Kansas” 30:46 
   Free-Soil Ideology 32:40 
    Northern Whites Believed that Slavery was Dangerous 32:52 
    Antithesis of Democracy 33:57 
    The Free Soil Party 34:34 
   A Critical View: “The Hurly-Burly Pot” 34:55 
   The Pro-Slavery Argument 37:52 
    Uncle Tom's Cabin 37:58 
    The Pro-Slavery Argument 38:37 
    Superior Southern Way of life 39:03 
   “Cotton is King” 39:19 
   Election of 1856 39:51 
    John Fremont 40:13 
    Increasing the Support of the Republican Party 41:17 
    Sectionalism of the Realigned Political Parties 42:14 
   A Surge in Nativism 42:26 
    Nativism 43:13 
    The American Party 44:11 
    Know-Nothing Party 44:20 
   The Dred Scott Decision 44:16 
    An Army Surgeon 45:04 
    Circuit Court 45:26 
    John Sanford 45:29 
   Chief Justice Taney's Stance 46:28 
    No Claim to Citizenship 46:35 
    The MO Compromise 47:33 
    Great Controversy 47:48 
   Deadlock Over Kansas 48:11 
    Buchanan Timidly Endorsed the Dred Scott Case 48:18 
    Lecompton Constitution 48:28 
    Buchanan Pressured Congress 48:55 
    KS as a Free State 49:18 
   Significant Congressional Election of 1858 49:28 
    Sectional Crisis 49:36 
    Lincoln-Douglas 50:30 
    House Divided 51:38 
    The Spread of Free Labor 53:03 
   The Rise of Lincoln 53:18 
    Freeport Doctrine 53:36 
    A National Following 54:47 
    Lost the Majority of Democrats of the House 55:10 
   Lincoln and Douglas 55:21 
   John Brown's Raid 55:34 
    John Brown's Statement 56:08 
    Seized a Mountain Fortress 56:50 
    Brown Surrendered 57:07 
   Example 1 57:40 
   Example 2 60:29 
   Example 3 62:25 
  The Civil War, Part 1 44:00
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:05 
   The Election of 1860 1:53 
    Divided Democrats 2:45 
    A Free-Soil Platform 2:56 
    Momentous Consequences 3:58 
   Storming the Castle 4:26 
   The National Game, Three “Outs” and One “Run” 7:12 
   The Election of 1860 Voting Results 7:53 
   The Appeal of Abraham Lincoln 8:52 
    Reputation for Eloquence 9:02 
    Signal to White Southerners 9:36 
   Secession and the Fire-eaters 9:44 
    South Carolina Convention 9:48 
    Confederate States of America 10:18 
    Jefferson Davis 10:27 
   Buchanan's Response and the Crittenden Plan 10:39 
    Fort Sumter 11:30 
    The Crittenden Compromise 11:53 
    Constitutional Amendment 12:10 
    Extension of Missouri Compromise Line 12:25 
   Lincoln Inaugurated and In Command 12:49 
    Refuse the Extension of Missouri Compromise Line 13:05 
    Union Constituted Insurrection 13:49 
   The Upper South Chooses Sides 14:01 
    State Militiamen 14:14 
    Border States 14:50 
   Setting Wars Objectives and Strategies 15:41 
    Defense of Confederacy 15:45 
    Unconditional Surrender 16:09 
    George B. McClellan 16:50 
    Battle Of Shiloh 17:20 
   The Anaconda Plan 17:43 
     Blockading the Gulf of Mexico 18:40 
    Starve the South into Submission 18:48 
    Seizing the Mississippi River 19:07 
   The Defensive Strategy of the Confederacy 20:06 
    Strategy of the South 20:13 
    General Robert E. Lee 20:21 
   Problems with Military Generals for the Union 20:28 
    Confederate Army under “Stonewall” Jackson 21:12 
    Battle at Antietam Creek 21:50 
    Joseph Fighting Joe Hooker 22:57 
   Both Sides Forced Into “Total War” 23:11 
    The First Legally Binding Draft 24:03 
    Rich Man's War and a Poor Man's Fight 24:45 
    Unenforceable Southerners 25:02 
   The Union and Total War 25:15 
    The Union's Militia Act of 1862 25:20 
    German and Irish Immigrants 26:10 
    15000 Confederate Sympathizers 27:05 
   Draft Riots of 1863 28:06 
   Aftermath of Draft Riots 29:16 
    Riots in New York City 29:52 
    A Plea for Churches 29:55 
    Financial Relief 29:58 
   Medical Services During the War 30:42 
    The Union Army Medical Bureau 31:27 
    U.S. Sanitary Commission 31:36 
    Dorothea Dix 32:06 
    Women Participated in Military Duties 33:00 
   Women and the Civil War 33:15 
   Mobilizing Resources 34:00 
    Mass Production 34:11 
    King Cotton 34:55 
    Rebel Government as a Belligerent Power 35:05 
    Federal Subsidies for Railroads 35:48 
    The Homestead Act 36:10 
   Economic Differences 36:59 
    Less Coherent Economic Policy 37:03 
    Legal Tender Act of 1862 37:41 
    Inflation Increased 38:03 
   Example 1 38:32 
   Example 2 40:03 
   Example 3 42:15 
  The Civil War, Part 2 43:47
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:05 
   The Road to Emancipation 1:50 
    Struggle Against Slavery 2:44 
    Contrabands 3:35 
    First Confiscation Act in 1861 4:28 
    Wilmot Proviso 5:17 
   Wilmot Proviso Map 5:30 
   Contrabands 5:49 
    Union Lines 5:52 
    Slavery Began to Disintegrate 6:03 
   Lincoln Plans to Emancipate 6:34 
    Second Confiscation 6:38 
    Initial Draft of Emancipation 7:10 
    Emancipation Proclamation 8:12 
    Urged Slaves to Abstain from all Violence 10:13 
    Freedom to Slaves! 10:25 
   Abe Lincoln's Last Card Or Rouge-et-Noir 12:31 
   Vicksburg and Gettysburg 14:09 
    Vicksburg 14:46 
    The Battle at Gettysburg 15:30 
    Davis Supporters 16:39 
   Gettysburg Address 17:09 
    Dedication of the Cemetery for the Union War Dead 17:40 
    New Birth of Freedom 17:48 
    A War for Union and Freedom 17:59 
   The Turning Point 20:35 
    Own Regiments 20:48 
    The Emancipation Proclamation 21:01 
    White Resistance to Conscription 21:22 
    Segregated Military 21:53 
   Ulysses S. Grant Charge 22:04 
    Ulysses S. Grant 22:15 
    Fight a Modern War 23:00 
    Union and Confederate Soldiers 23:33 
   Barren Waste 23:52 
    General Philip H Sheridan 23:57 
    The Definition of Conventional Warfare 24:08 
   African American Man Picks Up Skeletons 24:52 
   The Elections of 1864 25:29 
    Constitutional Amendment to Abolish Slavery 25:37 
    National Union Party 25:45 
    Map of the Election of 1864 26:45 
   Post-Election 27:18 
    Potential Invalidity of Emancipation Proclamation 27:30 
    Legality of Abolishing Slavery 27:53 
   Sherman's March 28:10 
    Accelerated the Pace of Emancipation 28:23 
    The 13th Amendment 28:33 
   General William Tecumseh Sherman 29:00 
   Sherman's March Map 29:12 
   The Aftermath of Sherman's March 30:17 
    Destruction brought by Sherman 30:20 
    Wreak Vengeance 30:45 
    A Manpower Shortage 30:58 
   Lee's Surrender at Appomattox Court House 31:11 
    Appomattox Court House 31:32 
    Cost of Victory 31:48 
   The Conquest of the South, 1861-1865 32:35 
   Casualties and Loss 33:10 
    The Lost of the South 33:32 
    Destroyed Cities 33:46 
   The Thirteenth Amendment Passed 34:14 
    Jurisdiction 35:07 
    Abolish Slavery 35:12 
   Example 1 36:19 
   Example 2 38:36 
   Example 3 41:33 

Section 6: Period 6: 1865-1898

  Reconstruction, Part 1 49:57
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:06 
   Reconstruction 1:32 
    Readmitting the Southern States 2:15 
    Bind Up the Nation's Wounds 4:27 
    Freedom Beyond Emancipation 5:24 
    Rebellious States 6:22 
   Presidential Reconstruction 6:29 
    Separation of Power 6:59 
    Ten Percent Plan 7:41 
    Lenient Policy 8:33 
   Congressional Reconstruction 9:37 
    Wade-Davis Bill 10:00 
    An Oath of Allegiance 10:13 
    Pocket veto 10:54 
   Lincoln Was Assassinated 11:34 
    Ford's Theater 11:45 
    The Four Co-conspirators 12:19 
   Andrew Johnson's Reconstruction 13:16 
    Andrew Johnson 13:25 
    Appointed Provisional Governors 14:56 
    Rejoining the Union 15:20 
   Black Codes and Backlash 15:34 
    Black Codes 16:10 
    Refuse to Admit the Southern Delegations 18:31 
   The Black Codes 19:08 
   Freedmen's Bureau 20:08 
    Lyman Trumbull 21:34 
    Securing the Civil Rights of the Freedmen 22:26 
   What Type of Labor System 22:52 
    Battles in the Sea Islands 22:56 
    True Freedom 23:52 
    Gang-Labor System 25:08 
   White Man's Government 25:33 
    White Supremacy 26:55 
    Turned to Washington 27:06 
   Congress Versus the President 27:17 
    Freedmen's Bureau Bill 27:24 
    Trumbull's Civil Rights Bill 27:39 
    14th Amendment to the Constitution 29:12 
   Fourteenth Amendment 29:24 
    All Persons Born or Naturalized in the United States 29:34 
    The Equal Protection of the Laws 29:53 
    Civil Rights Act 31:38 
   Johnson's Response 32:00 
    The Fourteenth Amendment Became a Campaign Issue 32:45 
    Waving the Bloody Shirt 32:57 
    The Civil Rights of Ex-Slaves 33:54 
   Radical Republicans 34:07 
    Party's Abolitionist Strain 34:21 
    Remaking Southern Society 35:55 
    Thaddeus Stevens and Charles Sumner 36:52 
   The Reconstruction Act of 1867 36:54 
    Five Military Districts 37:12 
    Prewar Political Class 37:32 
    The Tenure of Office 37:48 
    Replace Edwin M. Stanton by General Ulysses S. Grant 38:18 
   Impeachment of Johnson 38:47 
    Impeachment 39:03 
    Tenure of Office Act 39:31 
    Horatio Seymour 40:31 
   Impeachment of Johnson, 1867 40:49 
   Example 1 41:22 
   Example 2 44:09 
   Example 3 47:15 
  Reconstruction, Part 2 50:00
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:06 
   Women's Suffrage Denied 1:24 
    Women's Suffrage 2:35 
    National Women's Suffrage Association 3:17 
    Modern Feminist Movement 3:37 
   Out in the Cold 3:57 
   Republican Rule in the South 5:38 
    Congressional Stipulations 5:57 
    Scalawags 6:47 
    Carpetbaggers 7:09 
   Martial Law in the South 8:36 
   The Republican Program 9:39 
    Black Officeholders 9:54 
    Modernized State Constitutions 10:04 
    Tax Assessors and Collectors 10:58 
   Republican Reconstruction 11:20 
    Public Credit Collapsed 11:26 
    Education as the Foundation 13:12 
    New African American Churches 13:31 
   African Americans Take a Greater Role in Politics 14:16 
    Greater Role in Politics 14:18 
    The Assemble will Demand Revenge 15:13 
    Robert Brown Elliot 15:47 
   African Americans in Government 16:15 
    Hiram Revels 16:26 
    Robert Smalls 16:32 
    Blanche K. Bruce 16:40 
    African American Majority 17:11 
   The Quest of Land 18:00 
    Overcome Poverty 18:20 
    Southern Homestead Act of 1866 19:15 
    Ex-Confederates 19:40 
   Sharecropping 20:04 
    Sharecropping 20:32 
    A Lien on the Crop 21:37 
    A Pretext for Peonage 21:54 
    Barrow Plantation 22:55 
    Ownership of Land after Reconstruction 23:55 
    Devastating to Southern Agriculture 24:29 
   Violence in the South: Backlash 25:02 
    Counterrevolution 25:35 
    A Threat to White Supremacy 26:33 
    Nathan Bedford Forrest 27:15 
    The KKK Act of 1871 28:13 
   Worse Than Slavery 28:36 
   One Vote Less 29:51 
   Democratic Backlash 30:21 
   Prosecuting the KKK 30:56 
    The Klan 31:02 
    Prosecuting Klansmen 31:40 
    Democrats Overthrew Republicans Government 32:51 
   The Undoing of Reconstruction 33:04 
    Redeemers 33:17 
    Massive Black Barbarism 33:53 
    The Civil Rights Bill 34:48 
   The End of Reconstruction 35:08 
    Selling Their Votes for Money 35:14 
    Refashioned Themselves as Liberals 35:48 
    Grant Turned a Blind Eye 36:45 
   Grant Wins and Scandals Ensue 37:11 
    Whiskey Ring 37:54 
    White House 38:07 
    Credit Mobiler 38:49 
   Depression 39:20 
    The Bankruptcy of the Northern Pacific Railway 39:28 
    Freedman's Savings and Trust Company 40:05 
    Lost its Moral Claim on the Country 40:39 
   Grantism 41:13 
    Scandal-Ridden Administration 41:18 
    Triumphant Foreign Tour 41:35 
   The Political Crisis of 1877 41:46 
    Home Rule 42:02 
    Disputed Votes to Hayes 42:45 
    Hayes was Inaugurated 43:03 
   The End of Reconstruction 43:23 
    Compromise of 1877 43:28 
    3 Rights-Defining Amendments 44:00 
   Example 1 45:01 
   Example 2 46:12 
   Example 3 47:52 
  The American West 58:16
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:05 
   The U.S. Frontier and Industrialism 2:47 
    Post Civil War Republican Vision 04:05 
    Laissez-Faire Approach 05:04 
    Spread of American Industrialism Movement 06:50 
   The Great Plains and The West 7:05 
    Semiarid Great Plains 7:13 
    Arid West 7:20 
    Small Pox and Measles 7:43 
   Map of the U.S. 8:13 
   Native American Tribes and Lands Ceded 9:26 
   The Sioux 10:48 
    Antelope and Buffalo 11:03 
    Pawnees, Mandans and Euro-Americans 11:34 
   Westward Migration Into “Indian Country” 11:42 
    American Fever 12:24 
    Exodusters and Kansas 13:00 
    Union Pacific and Central Pacific 13:29 
    Telegraph Lines 13:56 
   Farming and Railroads in the West 14:05 
    Cattle Raising 14:06 
    New Technologies 15:22 
    Settlement of the Great Plains 16:37 
    The Transcontinental Railroad 17:03 
   Promontory Point, UT 17:18 
   Gold Rush in 1849 17:36 
    The Increase of Non-Native American Population 18:14 
    Hit the Trails 18:26 
    Chinese 18:48 
   Gold Rush and Cattle Ranching 19:18 
    Silver Mining and Other Industries 20:15 
    Open-Range Ranching 21:05 
    Long Drive 21:56 
   Cowboys and Buffalo Bill's Wild West 22:57 
    Buffalo Bill 23:22 
    The Wild West Show 23:56 
    Little Annie Oakley 24:40 
   The Wild West Show 25:59 
   Homesteaders and Homestead Act of 1862 27:24 
    Homestead Act of 1862 27:40 
    The U.S. Geological Survey 29:08 
    Department of the Interior 29:14 
   Farming and the Grange 29:23 
    Meat Packing Industry 29:41 
    National Grange of the Patrons of Husbandry 31:07 
    Oliver H. Kelley 31:20 
    Montgomery Ward 31:41 
   Oliver Kelley, Founder of the Grange 32:13 
   Native Americans and the West 32:36 
    A Peace Commission in 1867 32:58 
    Bureau of Indian Affairs 33:30 
   Reservations 34:03 
    SW Dakota Territory 35:05 
    Apaches, Navajos and Utes 35:22 
    Fort Laramie Treaty 35:45 
   Chief Joseph of the Nez Perce 36:16 
   Battle of Little Big Horn 37:45 
    The Nez Perce 37:48 
    George Custer 38:37 
    Little Big Horn 38:54 
   Assimilation Polices 39:49 
    Education and Religious Indoctrination of American Indians 40:13 
    The Carlisle Boarding School 40:33 
    Helen Hunt Jackson 41:26 
    A Century of Dishonor 41:31 
   Helen Hunt Jackson and Dawes Severalty Act 42:03 
    Private Property and Severalty 42:17 
    The Dawes Act 43:07 
    Indian Education 43:37 
   The Ghost Dance 44:11 
    Native American Civilization 44:26 
    Wovoka 44:32 
   Wounded Knee, 1890 45:21 
    The Long War of Suppression of the Plains Indians 46:07 
    The End of Indian Wars 46:22 
   Railroad Workers, Miners and Cowboys 46:56 
   The Diverse West and California 47:12 
    The High Sierras 47:31 
    Asian Migration 47:48 
    The Six Companies 47:55 
   Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 48:10 
    Chinese Exclusion Act 48:43 
    Japanese Immigrants 49:10 
   Biased Anti-Chinese Imagery 49:34 
   Golden California 50:25 
    Mark Twain and Bret Harte 50:50 
    Southern Pacific Railroad 51:12 
    John Muir 51:26 
    Sierra Club 51:45 
   Public Parks Established 52:03 
    Rampant Overdevelopment 52:32 
    Yosemite Valley 52:38 
    Yellowstone Valley 52:47 
   Example 1 53:20 
   Example 2 55:48 
  The Rise of the Industrial U.S. 50:27
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:06 
   The Age of Steel 2:37 
    The Bessemer Process 3:54 
    Andrew Carnegie 4:36 
    U.S. Steel Corporation 5:04 
   Andrew Carnegie 5:16 
    Rags to Riches 5:31 
    Vertical Integration 6:22 
    Carnegie Steel 6:53 
   Two Carnegeian Influential Ideologies 7:38 
    Social Darwinism 8:18 
    William Graham Sumner 10:37 
    Gospel of Wealth 11:07 
    Philanthropy 11:30 
   The Railroad Business 12:26 
    Increase of Railroad Construction 12:58 
    John Murray Forbes, Cornelius Vanderbilt and James Hill 13:52 
    Investment Banks 14:12 
   Map of Railroad Development 14:44 
   Corporate Consolidation 15:44 
    Scarcity of Jobs and Money 16:24 
    The Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 17:53 
    Corporate Consolidation 18:38 
   Corporations 18:54 
    Corporation 19:03 
    Limited Liability 19:39 
    Dominated by a Few Individuals 20:36 
    Big Four 21:11 
   Cornelius Vanderbilt 21:40 
    Robber Baron 22:08 
    Horatio Alger 23:47 
    Synonym for Enormous Wealth and Excessive Corporate 24:42 
   “Modern Colossus of Roads” by Joseph Keppler in Puck in 1879 24:56 
   The Great Strike of 1877 25:28 
    Railroad Mogul 25:34 
    The Great Strike of 1877 25:47 
    Fall of Railroad Building 27:25 
    Manufacturing Output Increased 28:10 
   John D. Rockefeller 28:35 
    Black Gold 28:43 
    Horizontal Integration 29:36 
    Cut-Throat Competition 29:49 
   Vertical and Horizontal Integration 30:29 
   Gustavus Swift and Philip Armour's Meatpacking 31:45 
    Dominated Meatpacking 31:56 
    Refrigerator Cars 32:12 
   Other Businesses 32:31 
    Tobacco, Farm Machinery, Sewing Machine and Cereals 32:35 
    Cartels 32:44 
    Trusts 32:53 
   Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 33:50 
    The Basic Federal Antimonopoly Law 34:04 
    Congress Government Intervention in the Free Economy 34:43 
    United States v. E.C. Knight 35:52 
    Standard Oil Company v. United States 36:19 
   Laissez-Faire, and the Gilded Age 37:48 
    Laissez-Faire Approach 38:14 
    Industrial Giant 38:49 
    The Gilded Age: A Tale of Today 38:58 
    Democratic Vistas 39:43 
    Chromo Civilization 39:50 
   The Gilded Age 39:58 
    Glittery 40:09 
    Crass Corruption 40:27 
   Robber Barons: History Repeats Itself 41:26 
   Robber Barons 42:31 
   Example 1 43:13 
   Example 2 45:29 
   Example 3 46:53 
  Working People and the Labor Movement in the Gilded Age 38:41
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:07 
   The World of Work 2:14 
    Farm Folk and Artisans 2:37 
    White-Collar Jobs 3:03 
    Negative Aspects of Urban Life 4:19 
    Outside Labor For Industries 5:13 
   Types of Jobs 6:53 
   Working Trends 8:10 
    Women Working More for Wages 8:24 
    Race, Ethnicity and Gender 9:04 
    Mechanized Jobs 9:43 
    Collective Bargaining 10:00 
   Immigration Affects the Working World 10:53 
    Huge Migration from the old World 11:04 
    Austrian, Hungarians and other Slavic People 11:20 
   The Labor Movement 12:09 
    The Knights of Labor 12:22 
    Cooperative Commonwealth 13:30 
    Social Reforms 13:55 
   Collective Bargaining and Closed Shops 14:02 
    Terence Powderly 14:16 
    Closed Shops 15:15 
    Open to all who Toiled 15:47 
    The Woman's Bureau of the Knights 15:55 
   The Knights Boycotted Against Gould 16:15 
    Boycott Against Unfair Employers 16:34 
    Jay Gould's Southwestern Railway System 16:39 
    Disorganized Strike 17:20 
   Haymarket Square Incident 17:38 
    Blamed on Anarchists 16:20 
    An Antiunion Hysteria 18:52 
    Yellow-Dog Contracts 19:30 
   The Knights of Labor 20:21 
   The AFL 20:28 
    American Federation of Labor 20:35 
    National Trade Unions 21:26 
    Bread and Butter Issues 21:39 
    Samuel Gompers 22:15 
   Samuel Gompers, Unions and Modern Strikes 22:53 
   Homestead Strike 24:21 
    Henry Frick 24:41 
    Put an End to Trade Unions in the Steel Industry 25:45 
   Pullman Strike 26:13 
    President Cleveland 26:57 
    Secondary Labor Boycott 27:16 
    Contempt of Court 28:24 
   In re Debs in 1895 28:50 
    The use of Injunctions against Strikes 29:04 
    Socialism and the American Socialist Party 29:15 
   The IWW 30:07 
    The Wobblies 30:13 
    Marxist Class Struggle 30:19 
    General Strike 30:27 
    Syndicalism 30:33 
   Influence of Socialism and Debs 31:06 
    Social Darwinists 31:28 
    Eugene Debs 32:02 
    Labor Unions 32:19 
   Example 1 33:02 
   Example 2 35:40 
   Example 3 37:09 
  Immigration, Urban, Culture and Politics 48:51
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:07 
   Ward Politics and Political Bosses 0:56 
    Urban Political Machines 1:40 
    Tammany Hall in New York 1:56 
    Grassroots Constituency 3:10 
    Boss Tweed 4:30 
   The Political Machine and Corruption 5:34 
   George Plunkitt 7:13 
    Regular System 7:21 
    Honest Graft 7:43 
   Social Changes 10:54 
    Class Society 11:00 
    Increase in Suburbanization 11:25 
    American Woman's Home Journal 12:19 
   A Clash of Values 12:51 
    The Victorian Ideal of Domesticity 13:09 
    Clash of Victorian Ideas 13:59 
    Comstock Law 14:35 
   Religion and Secularism in the City 15:26 
    Orthodox Judaism 16:15 
    Catholic Church 17:25 
    Protestant Churches 18:04 
   Working-Class Culture and Journalism 19:10 
    Working-Class Culture 19:28 
    Joseph Pulitzer 20:05 
    Heart's New York Journal 20:14 
   The Higher Culture 21:58 
    The Corcoran Gallery of Art 22:12 
    Symphony Orchestras 22:53 
    Increase in Public Libraries 23:08 
    The Gilded Age 24:46 
   Ellis Island and Angel Island 25:31 
    Ellis Island 26:15 
    Angel Island 27:02 
    Paper Sons and Paper Daughters 28:00 
   The Immigrant Experience 28:36 
   “Old” and “New” Immigrants 31:12 
   Immigrant Challenges and Opportunities 32:06 
    Fraternal Organizations 32:34 
    Labor Force in Factories 35:25 
    Backlash Against Immigrants 35:57 
   The “Land of Milk and Honey” 37:18 
    Old Immigrants 38:05 
    Push and Pull 38:19 
   Immigration Cartoons 38:25 
   Urban Life: Technology Improves Life 39:49 
    New Forms of Transportation 40:25 
    Suburbs 40:45 
    Public-Works Programs 40:50 
    Skyscrapers and Subways 41:03 
   Frederick Law Olmsted's Central Park 41:18 
    Designed in 1860s 42:14 
    Inspired Other Parks 42:18 
   Urban Problems 42:29 
    Tenements 42:33 
    Poor Conditions 42:45 
   Example 1 43:32 
   Example 2 44:42 
   Example 3 45:57 
  The New South and The Farmers Mobilize 45:21
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:07 
   Frontier Thesis 3:07 
    Jackson Turner 3:48 
    The Significance of the Frontier in American History 4:25 
    The Decline of the Dominance of Rural America 6:17 
   A “New South” 7:19 
    Economic Growth in the South 7:34 
    Henry Grady 8:31 
    Tax Exemptions 8:43 
   The “New South” 9:10 
   Poverty in the South 10:02 
    Mostly Agricultural 10:06 
    Lacked Technological Skills 10:17 
    Cycle of Poverty 10:46 
    George Washington Carver 11:09 
   Class, Race and Politics in the New South 11:50 
    Inequality 12:14 
    Redeemers 12:32 
    Gerrymandering 13:10 
    Readjusters 13:24 
    The Colored Farmers' Alliance 15:04 
   Discrimination and Jim Crow 15:21 
    White Man's Party and the Solid South 15:57 
    Problems at the Polls 16:17 
   Court Cases and Discrimination 18:09 
    Civil Rights Cases of 1883 18:44 
    Plessy v. Ferguson 19:11 
    Williams v. Mississippi 21:42 
   Civil Rights Activists Fight Back 22:22 
    Boycotts of Streetcars 22:48 
    Ida Wells-Barnett's Anti-Lynching Campaign 23:03 
    Booker T. Washington and W.E.B Du Bois 24:33 
   Farmers Face Problems 25:11 
    Grange Movement 25:41 
    The Farmers' Alliances 26:14 
    The National Alliance 26:48 
   The Populist Movement 27:44 
    A Catalyst for Political Crisis 28:25 
    A Class Ideology 29:13 
    Omaha Convention 29:44 
    The Texas Alliance's Subtreasury Plan 30:03 
   Women Populists 30:37 
    Populist Movement 30:48 
    Raise Less Corn and More Hell 30:56 
   Election of 1862 Map 31:18 
   The Texas Alliance's Subtreasury System 32:09 
    Public Warehouse 32:26 
    Subtreasury 32:40 
    Rejected by the Democrats 33:05 
   Railroad Regulations 33:23 
    Munn v. Illinois 33:57 
    For the Common Good 34:22 
    Richard B. Olney and Roscoe Conkling 34:46 
    Replaced by Judges with Pro-Business Records 34:58 
   The Wabash Case 35:08 
    Infringed on the Exclusive power of Congress 35:27 
    Only the Federal Government Could Regulate Railroads 36:21 
    The Interstate Commerce Act of 1887 36:32 
   The Interstate Commerce Act of 1886 36:39 
    ICC 36:41 
    Harrison, Cleveland and McKinley 38:12 
    Ineffective for the First 20 Years 38:23 
   Example 1 38:44 
   Example 2 40:51 
   Example 3 43:06 
  Politics of the Gilded Age 48:01
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:06 
   Campaign Strategy of “Do-Little” Government 2:46 
    Close Elections 3:30 
    Campaigning 4:30 
    Senator Roscoe Conkling 5:53 
    Waving the Bloody Shirt 6:40 
    Big City Political Machines 6:58 
   Presidential Politics 7:24 
    Rutherford B. Hayes 7:28 
    James Garfield 8:31 
   The Great Presidential Puzzle 9:58 
    Roscoe Conkling 10:01 
    James A. Garfield 10:27 
   Presidential Politics 10:42 
    Chester A. Arthur 10:46 
    Pendleton Act 11:08 
    Grover Cleveland 11:59 
    Grover the Good 12:10 
   Another President Who Had a Rise in the World 13:11 
    The Toe-Path to the White House 13:16 
    New York Customs House 13:19 
   The Politics of the Status Quo 13:53 
    The Pendleton Act 14:11 
    Civil Service Commission 14:16 
    Excise Tax and tariff 14:47 
   Cultural Politics and the People 15:29 
    Politics Became a Form of Entertainment 15:51 
    Party Loyalty 15:54 
    Ethnocultural Issues 16:25 
   Republican Factions 16:47 
    Stalwarts 17:18 
    Roscoe Conkling's Faction 17:24 
    Half-breeds 17:41 
    James G Blaine 17:47 
   Blaine Covered in Scandals 18:14 
   Mugwumps 20:14 
    Mugwumps 20:27 
    Fence-Sitters 21:11 
    The Adoption of the Secret Ballot 21:40 
    Images of Mugwumps 21:54 
   Grover Cleveland 23:18 
    First Democrat 23:23 
    Treasury Crisis 23:50 
   The Money Question 24:29 
    Sound-Money 24:38 
    An Era of Chronic Deflation 25:02 
    Bland-Allison Act of 1878 25:14 
   Coxey's Army 25:46 
    Jacob Coxey 25:48 
    The Creation of Government Jobs 26:33 
    The Issus of Government Bonds 26:53 
    Assist the Unemployed 26:59 
   Women and Politics 27:49 
    National American Woman Suffrage Association 28:34 
    State Campaigns 29:06 
    Separate Spheres 29:38 
   Women and Temperance 30:31 
    Woman's Christian Temperance Union 30:34 
    Frances Willard 31:00 
    Carry Nation 32:01 
   Prohibition Supporters 32:39 
   Election of 1896 33:21 
    Wilson-Gorman Tariff of 1894 34:20 
    J.P. Morgan 34:35 
    William Jennings Bryan 35:07 
   Bryan's “Cross of Gold” Speech 35:41 
    The Democratic Silver Campaign 36:07 
    The Paralyzing Equilibrium 37:22 
   “Cross of Gold” Speech 37:50 
    Laboring Interests 38:00 
    The Toilers 38:02 
   Election of 1892 and 1896 38:43 
    McKinley's Consolidation 39:12 
    Republican Dominance in National Politics 39:43 
   Example 1 40:14 
   Example 2 42:55 
   Example 3 45:12 

Section 7: Period 7: 1890 - 1945

  Progressive Era, Part 1 45:01
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:05 
   Progressivism 1:23 
    Social Justice 2:27 
    Industrialization or Urbanization 3:32 
    Corrupt Government Officials 4:02 
    Urban Middle Class 4:29 
   Jane Addams and Hull House 4:48 
    Jane Addams 4:58 
    Hull House 5:06 
    A New Sense of Urgency 5:25 
    Alleviate Social Problems 5:34 
   Settlement Movement 5:51 
   Progressive Ideas 6:33 
    William James 7:19 
    Walter Rauschenbusch 8:05 
    Muckrakers 8:36 
   Muckrakers 9:53 
    McClure's and Collier's 10:07 
    New Kind of Reform 10:19 
   Progress and Poverty 10:48 
    Effects of Laissez-Faire Economics 11:04 
    Inequalities Wealth 11:13 
   Looking Backward 11:28 
    A Cooperative Society 11:37 
    Greater Government Regulation 11:47 
   How the Other Half Lives 12:01 
    Jacob A. Riis 12:04 
    A Danish Immigrant 12:06 
    Immigrant Ghettoes 12:23 
   Women Progressives 13:17 
    Humanitarian Work 13:22 
    Josephine Shaw Lowell 13:28 
    National Consumers' League 14:10 
    A Wave for Protective Laws 15:07 
   Louis D. Brandeis 15:30 
    The People's Attorney 15:38 
    Brandeis Brief 16:17 
    Supreme Court Justice 17:37 
   Other Female Reformers 17:47 
    Margaret Sanger 17:52 
    American Birth Control League 18:23 
    National Association of Colored Women 18:42 
    National Women's Trade Union League 18:57 
   Suffrage Movement 19:22 
    The National Woman's Party 19:56 
    Woman Suffrage Association 20:54 
    The 19th Amendment 21:17 
    Images of Suffrage Movement 21:45 
   Urban Liberalism 22:02 
    The Needs of the Poor 22:08 
    Voluntarism 23:02 
    The Industrial Hazards and Accidents 23:35 
   Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire 23:49 
    New York State Factory Commission 26:31 
    Tammany 27:10 
   Cultural Pluralism Embattled 27:32 
    Progressive Goal 28:35 
    The Anti-Saloon League 29:01 
   Populist Ideas Implemented Into Politics 30:05 
    The Direct Primary 31:12 
    Initiative 31:30 
    Referendum 31:35 
    Recall 31:50 
    From the State to the Federal Level 32:09 
   Progressive Governors 32:43 
    Robert La Follette 32:55 
    Hiram Johnson 33:17 
    Theodore Roosevelt 33:29 
    Woodrow Wilson 33:39 
   Progressivism and National Politics 33:54 
    Teddy Roosevelt 35:08 
    Dakota Territory 35:22 
   Teddy Roosevelt 35:38 
    Civil Service Commission 35:47 
    Secretary of the Navy 35:50 
    Rough Riders 36:15 
    Trust Buster 36:37 
    Square Deal 36:38 
   Example 1 36:53 
   Example 2 40:20 
   Example 3 43:07 
  Progressive Era, Part 2 38:58
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:04 
   TR's Square Deal, 1901-1909 1:04 
    Taking Advantage of Small Business 1:21 
    Trustbusting and Regulating 1:51 
    Coal Strike in 1902 2:34 
   Regulating the Railroads 3:16 
    Interstate Commerce Commission 3:20 
    Elkins Act in 1903 4:03 
    Hepburn Act in 1904 4:17 
   Regulating Food Industry 4:45 
    The Jungle 5:02 
    The Meat Inspection Act in 1906 7:26 
    The Pure Food and Drug Act and FDA 7:38 
   Slaughterhouse 8:11 
   The “Trust Buster”? 8:42 
    Bad Trusts 9:47 
    Good Trusts 9:54 
   Other Regulations 11:04 
    Sherman Antitrust Act 11:32 
    The Bureau of Corporations 12:02 
    Northern Securities Company 12:14 
    Standard Oil, American Tobacco and DuPont 12:41 
   Teddy's gentlemen's Agreement 13:06 
    Trans-Missouri Decision 13:19 
    Gentlemen's Agreement 14:36 
   The Infant Hercules and the Standard Oil Serpents 14:52 
   Environmental Regulations 15:02 
    Environmentalist or Conservationist 15:14 
    National Parks 15:22 
    Rational Use of Gifford Pinchot 15:51 
    National Reclamation Act 16:31 
   Republican Progressives Fracture 16:53 
    William Howard Taft 17:19 
    Payne-Aldrich Act 17:46 
    Whistle-Blowing on a Conspiracy 18:23 
   Joseph Cannon 18:42 
    Congress's Leading Conservative 19:01 
    Dictator 19:06 
   The Progressive Faction 19:14 
    Dissident Faction 19:29 
    Progressives or Insurgents 19:31 
    Standard Oil 19:51 
    Pursued Monopolies 20:46 
   Progressive Amendments Under Taft 20:54 
    16th Amendment 21:16 
    17th Amendment 21:20 
   Roosevelt Strikes Back 21:36 
    New Nationalism 21:38 
    Child Labor Law 21:53 
    Strong As a Bull Moose 22:10 
   Civil Rights Movement Heats Up 22:21 
    Booker T. Washington 22:38 
    Atlanta Compromise 23:10 
    W.E.B. Du Bois 23:41 
    The Soul of Black Folk 24:06 
   Niagara Movement 24:58 
    William Monroe Trotter 25:03 
    Niagara Falls 25:15 
    Comprehensive Education 25:30 
   The NAACP 25:45 
    The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People 25:53 
    Challenge Unfair Laws 26:09 
   The Urban League 26:31 
    Providing Welfare to Black Migrants 26:45 
    A Network Created 27:06 
   Woodrow Wilson's “New Freedom” 27:25 
    A Middle Way that Bears the Powers Of Government 27:42 
    Place Strict Government Controls on Corporation 28:13 
   New Freedom 28:20 
    Triple Wall of Privilege 28:26 
    The Underwood Tariff Act of 1913 28:38 
    Federal Reserve Act of 1913 29:07 
    The Federal Trade Commission 29:34 
    The Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914 30:00 
    The Federal Farm Loan Act 30:54 
    A Federal Child Labor Law 31:06 
   Example 1 31:18 
   Example 2 33:18 
   Example 3 36:20 
   Example 4 37:36 
  The U.S. Becomes a World Power 56:01
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:08 
   The Roots of U.S. Imperialism 2:12 
    Abandon the Policy of Neutrality 4:00 
    Upgraded Navy 5:04 
    The Influences of Sea Power Upon History 5:16 
    Latin America and Asia 8:38 
   Economics Interests 8:54 
    Extractive Economies 9:10 
    Natural Resources and Raw Material 9:49 
    GDP Quadrupled and Businesses 10:09 
    Imperialist Nations 11:09 
   The Economy of Expansion 11:40 
   The Purchase of Alaska 13:19 
    William Seward 13:45 
    Natural Resources 14:19 
   U.S. In Asia and in the Pacific 15:05 
    Commodore Matthew Perry 15:14 
    Hawaiian Islands 16:46 
    Midway Islands 16:56 
    Pearl Harbor 17:25 
   Perry's Squadron in Japan 17:31 
   U.S. Possessions in the Pacific 17:54 
   The U.S. Annexes Hawaii 19:05 
    Sugar Plantations 19:32 
    Voting Rights 19:39 
    McKinley Tariff 20:14 
    An official U.S. Territory 21:41 
   William McKinley and Imperialist Influences 22:55 
    Assistant Secretary of the Navy 24:34 
    Henry Cabot Lodge 24:45 
    William Jennings Bryan and Grover Cleveland 25:51 
   Causes of Spanish-American War 26:10 
    Spain as a Declining Imperial Power 26:32 
    Cuban Independence Movement 27:42 
    Guerilla Tactics 28:00 
   Yellow Journalism 28:52 
    Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst 29:11 
    Yellow Press 29:18 
    The Maine 30:47 
   Hearst and Pulitzer 31:03 
    Cartoon of Hearst and Pulitzer 31:04 
    You Furnish the Pictures, and I'll furnish the war 31:49 
    Jingoism 32:08 
    Maine Blows Up 32:32 
   War with Spain 33:19 
    Remember the Maine 33:20 
    The Teller Amendment 33:36 
    Enlisted in the Army 34:15 
   The Duty of the Hour 34:36 
   Spanish-American Cuban War 35:54 
   Two Theaters of War 37:18 
    Commodore Dewey 37:20 
    The Rough Riders 37:46 
    Deaths in the War 38:17 
   Battle of San Juan Hill 38:38 
   Treaty of Paris and Aftermath 38:51 
    The U.S. bought Philippines 39:04 
    An Imperial Power 40:18 
    Splendid Little War 40:48 
    U.S. Foreign Policy 41:17 
   Anti-Imperialist concerns 41:39 
   Filipinos Rebel Against U.S. Rule 43:36 
    Emilio Aguinaldo 43:58 
    An Insurrection Against U.S. Rule 44:26 
    Death in the Fighting 44:52 
   U.S. Policy in Puerto Rico and Cuba 45:32 
    Puerto Rico 45:40 
    The Foraker Act 45:51 
    Insular Cases 46:58 
    The Jones-Shafroth Act 47:29 
   The Platt Amendment 47:56 
    The Platt Amendment 48:07 
    Lease Naval Stations to U.S. 48:36 
    Cuban Constitution 49:14 
   Example 1 50:01 
   Example 2 51:18 
   Example 3 53:21 
  U.S. Foreign Policy Under Theodore Roosevelt, William H. Taft, and Woodrow Wilson 47:55
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 1:06 
   Roosevelt's “Big Stick” Policy 2:21 
    Strong Military Action 4:35 
    Civilize or Uplift Weaker Nations 5:00 
    Anglo-American Friendship 5:42 
   Speak Softly and Carry a Big Stick 6:45 
   The U.S. Builds the Panama Canal 7:57 
    Ferdinand de Lesseps 8:08 
    Panama Route 9:16 
    Declared its Independence 9:25 
    Canal Zone 9:38 
   The Panama Canal 9:52 
    Commanding Commercial and Strategic Position 10:12 
    Control Malaria 10:41 
    Combat Several Tropical Diseases 11:04 
   Panama Canal 11:24 
   Roosevelt Corollary 11:47 
    Age of Economic Imperialism 12:11 
    Police Power 13:25 
   Latin Americans' Reactions 14:34 
    Aggressive Form with Mr. Roosevelt 15:27 
    Sovereignty and Liberty of Nicaraguans 15:33 
   U.S. Pursues Interests in China 16:10 
    Spheres of Influence 17:34 
    Secretary of State John Hay 18:35 
   Spheres of Influence 19:05 
   Chinese Response to Imperialism 20:24 
    The Boxer Rebellion 20:42 
    Western Devils 21:28 
    U.S. and Japanese Troops 21:55 
   Hay Reaffirms the Open Door Policy 22:26 
    Support Chinese Students 22:37 
    A Trade Relationship 22:57 
    Scholarships for Chinese Students 23:02 
   Tensions Between U.S. and Japan Rise 23:36 
    The Spheres of Influence in China 23:44 
    A Peace Treaty 24:17 
    The Root-Takahira Agreement of 1900 25:02 
   Anti-Asian Backlash in the U.S. 25:21 
    Prejudice Against Asian-Americans 26:09 
    Gentlemen's Agreement 26:58 
   Taft's Dollar Diplomacy 27:18 
    Increase U.S. Investments in Businesses 27:51 
    The Rationale 28:36 
    Chinese Revolution 29:17 
   Woodrow Wilson Shifts the Foreign Policy 29:52 
    Anti-Imperialist William Jennings Bryan 30:57 
    Moral Diplomacy 31:17 
    Agreement with Haiti 32:15 
    Dominican Republic and Mexico 32:35 
   U.S. and Mexican Revolution 32:43 
    Caudillos and Coup d'etats 33:46 
    Counsel Mexico for its Own Good 34:47 
    Venustiano Carranza 35:08 
   U.S. “Punitive Expedition” 35:50 
    Francisco Poncho Villa and Emiliano Zapata 35:58 
    Punitive Expedition 37:10 
   Tension Were Brewing in Europe 37:55 
    Triple Alliance and Dual Alliance 38:24 
    Triple Entente 38:44 
    The Apostle of Peace 39:50 
   Triple Alliance and Triple Entente 40:13 
   International Efforts for Peace 40:29 
    Hague Peace Conference of 1899 40:31 
    Erosion of the Nation's Sovereignty 40:47 
    Cooling Off Treaties 40:59 
   Example 1 41:32 
   Example 2 43:33 
   Example 3 46:03 
  The Great War 45:12
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:06 
   Causes of the Great War 0:47 
    A Brutal War Between European Nations 2:32 
    Franco-Prussian War 3:02 
    Nationalism 3:28 
   Europe Map, 1914 4:40 
   Assassination Hurtles Europe Toward WW1 6:11 
    Archduke Francis Ferdinand 6:24 
    Young Bosnia 7:57 
    Kaiser William II 8:41 
   Fighting Breaks Out 8:56 
    Ultimatum 9:07 
    Austria-Hungary Declares War 9:22 
    Pan-Slavism 9:26 
   Trench Warfare and Deadly Weapons 10:28 
    No Man's Land 11:32 
    War of Attrition 11:47 
    Western Front 12:09 
    Modern Weapons 12:47 
   Wilson Urges For Neutrality 13:09 
    U.S. Exceptionalism 13:29 
    Isolationists, Interventionists and the Internationalists 15:10 
   Key Events in 1915 and 1916 15:57 
    No Longer Attack Passenger Ships Without Warning 16:17 
    German Invasion of Neutral Belgium 16:29 
    A Slim Margin 17:03 
   Early Anti-War Sentiments 17:30 
    Domestic Divisions 17:40 
    Cancellation of Irish Home Rule 17:48 
    Robert La Follette of Wisconsin and George Norris of NE 18:08 
    Andrew Carnegie and Henry Ford 18:59 
   Pro-War Propaganda 19:08 
   Wilson Abandons Neutrality 20:43 
    Blockade Against Britain 20:48 
    Lusitania 21:13 
    Sussex 22:30 
    The National Defense Act 22:48 
    The Naval Construction Act 22:52 
   Sinking of Lusitania 23:00 
   The Zimmermann Note 23:27 
    Germans Proposed an Alliance with Mexico 23:39 
    Intercepted Telegram 23:58 
    Unrestricted Submarine Warfare 24:07 
   The Home Front 24:21 
    The Lives of Ordinary Americans 24:58 
    Conscription 25:10 
    Doughboys 25:46 
    Slackers 25:53 
   We Want You! 26:03 
   Wartime Economy 27:24 
    War Industries Board 28:15 
    Bernard Baruch 28:26 
    The Food Administration 28:47 
    The Committee on Public Information 29:18 
    George Creel Directed the CPI 30:02 
   More Propaganda Posters and Songs 31:12 
   Opposition and Hope For Minorities 33:57 
    Conscientious Objectors 34:19 
    Women's Peace Party 34:39 
    The Women's International League for Peace and Freedom 34:46 
    Segregated Regiments 35:25 
   Crackdown on Dissent 37:28 
    Espionage Act 38:18 
    The Sedition Act 38:46 
   Example 1 39:39 
   Example 2 40:39 
   Example 3 42:50 
  The End of the Great War, Its Effect, and The Interwar Period 40:27
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:08 
   The War Changes U.S. Society 1:02 
    More Opportunities for Women 2:15 
    American Women's Hospital Service 2:50 
    The Great Migration 4:07 
    Race Riots 4:19 
    Barrios 4:44 
   Protesters Finally Reach Their Goal 4:52 
   Great Migration 5:32 
   Wilson , War and Peace 6:46 
    Entering the War 6:50 
    Convoying 8:21 
    Treaty of Brest-Litovsk 9:07 
   The End of the War 9:48 
    Eddie Rickenbacker 9:55 
    Compiegne, France 10:47 
    Casualties 11:10 
   Armistice 11:23 
   “Peace Without Victory” 11:59 
    The Morality of the Allied 12:11 
    Fourteen Points 12:47 
    League of Nations 13:55 
    Paris Peace Conference 14:26 
   Paris Peace Conference 14:32 
    A Peace Settlement that Punished Germany 14:40 
    War Guilt 14:52 
    The League of Nations as Part of the Treaty 16:02 
   Map, 1918 16:37 
   Many U.S. Citizens Reject Treaty 17:45 
    Irreconcilables 17:54 
    Reservationists 18:27 
    Article X viewed as Unconstitutional 18:48 
   The Aftermath of the War 20:04 
    Isolationism 20:20 
    Red Scare 20:58 
    A Creditor Nation 22:32 
   Schenck v. United States, 1919 22:42 
    Violation of the Espionage Act 22:58 
    Justice Wendell Holmes 22:41 
    Tools for Suppression 24:04 
   Stamping Out Radicalism 24:29 
    International Workers of the World 24:39 
    Eugene Debs 24:58 
    Emma Goldman 25:16 
    Margaret Sanger 25:37 
    Federal Bureau of Investigation 26:04 
   Red Scare 26:42 
    USSR 26:47 
    Palmer Raids 27:02 
    American Civil Liberties Union 28:04 
   ACLU: American Civil Liberties Union 28:12 
    Freedom of Speech and Expression 28:21 
    On Behalf of the American People 28:42 
   Sacco and Vanzetti 29:09 
    Trial for Murder 29:36 
    Defense Counsel 29:43 
    The Fairness of the Trial 30:35 
   Shift From Idealism to Normalcy 31:41 
    Return to Normalcy 32:11 
    Suppressed by Federal Troops 32:33 
    The Supreme Court 32:42 
   Example 1 33:07 
   Example 2 35:53 
   Example 3 37:45 
   Example 4 38:49 
  The Interwar Period 47:07
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:05 
   Conservative Presidents 2:45 
    Harding's Presidency 2:50 
    Herbert Hoover 3:37 
    Republican-Dominated FTC 4:22 
   Calvin Coolidge 4:41 
    A Strong Pro-Business Stance 4:52 
    New Tax Cut 5:14 
    Interior Albert Fall 5:52 
   Mixed Economic Development 6:45 
    Postwar Recession 6:53 
    A Consumer Culture 8:25 
    Overproduction 9:08 
    Inflation 9:28 
   Consumer Culture 9:41 
    A New Pop Culture 10:23 
    Radios 10:28 
    Duke Ellington 11:00 
    New Consumer Goods 11:58 
    New Journalism 12:18 
   Images of the 1920s 12:40 
   The Jazz Age and “Modern” Culture 12:55 
    African Americans 13:03 
    Rebel Against Their Elders 13:57 
   Popular Heroes 14:22 
    Bath Ruth 14:37 
    Charles Lindbergh 15:08 
    First Solo Non-Stop Flight 15:20 
   New Literature: Stream of Consciousness 15:37 
    Gertrude Stein 15:59 
    The Waste Land 16:46 
    Victorian Era Culture 17:10 
   Art and Architecture 18:00 
    Art Deco Style 18:07 
    Edward Hopper 18:38 
    George Gershwin 18:51 
   Automat 19:43 
   Gender Roles, Family and Education 20:00 
    Flappers 21:02 
    Influence of Sigmund Freud 21:42 
   The New Woman 22:57 
    The Women's Joint Congressional Committee 23:38 
    The League of Women Voters 24:03 
   Women in the 1920s 24:32 
   Pop Culture 25:10 
    Leisure Time in Rural and Urban Areas 25:15 
    The Jazz Singer 25:33 
    Tin Pan Alley 26:20 
    Fox Trot and Charleston 26:33 
   Harlem Renaissance 26:40 
    A Cultural Identity with African Roots 26:53 
    NYC's Harlem 27:09 
    New Negro 27:30 
   Marcus Garvey and UNIA 28:25 
    Garvey Advocated Black Separatism 28:57 
    Four Million Followers 29:18 
    Negro World 29:27 
    Mail Fraud 29:50 
   Prohibition and Crime 30:13 
    18th Amendment 30:16 
    Volstead Act 30:46 
    Lucrative Bootlegging Trade 31:28 
   The Noble Experiment 31:43 
    Drys 32:06 
    Wets 32:10 
    Bathtub Gin 32:25 
    Roaring Twenties 32:58 
   Nativism, Pluralism and Racism 34:02 
    Mass Media 34:53 
    National Origins Act 35:43 
    Birth of a Nation 36:50 
   Fundamentalism and Modernism 37:40 
    The Monkey Trial 38:15 
    The Trial of John T. Scopes 38:42 
   Example 1 39:39 
   Example 2 41:58 
   Example 3 43:39 
   Example 4 45:07 
  The Foreign Policy During the Interwar Years, The Great Depression and The First New Deal 34:04
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:09 
   Foreign Policy in the 1920s 0:48 
    A Retreat to Isolationism 1:09 
    Expansion of New Markets 1:14 
    United Fruit Company 1:47 
   The Dawes Plan 2:09 
    Reparation Payment 2:22 
    Financial Problems on Both Sides of the Atlantic 2:46 
    1929 Stock Market Crash 2:57 
   The Pursuit of Peace 3:42 
    Kellogg-Briand Pact of 1928 4:22 
    A Policy of Disarmament 4:38 
    League of Nations 4:47 
   The Causes of the Great Depression 4:59 
    Business Cycle 5:36 
    Black Thursday 6:35 
    The Agricultural Sector 7:04 
    THE GDP Fell 7:22 
    Weak Farm Economy 7:42 
    The Unequal Distribution of Wealth 8:26 
   Herbert Hoover 8:52 
    The Stock Market Crashed 9:32 
    Expand Public Works Spending 9:44 
    Reconstruction Finance Corporation 9:49 
   Hoover's Policies 10:24 
    Rugged Individualism 10:35 
    Hawley Smoot Tariff 11:17 
    The Revenue Act of 1932 12:11 
    The Scapegoat for the Depression 12:25 
    Debt Moratorium 12:58 
   Tough Times and Hoovervilles 13:08 
   Election of 1932 14:02 
    The Three Rs 14:38 
    A New Form of Liberalism 14:57 
    Social Welfare 15:24 
    Anti-Poverty Programs 15:56 
   The First Hundred Days 16:19 
    100-Day Long Special Session 18:28 
    Bank Holiday 18:42 
    Optimism of a Nation 19:04 
    Emergency Banking Act 19:40 
    Homeowners Loan Corporation 19:52 
    Glass-Steagall Act 20:12 
    Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation 20:20 
   Alphabet Agencies 20:32 
    Federal Emergency Relief Administration 21:06 
    Work Relief Over Cash Subsidies 21:22 
    Inflationary 21:41 
    International Gold Standard 22:15 
    The Securities and Exchange Commission 22:26 
    The Banking Act of 1935 22:38 
   NIRA and NRA 22:57 
    National Industrial Recovery Act 23:02 
    National Recovery Administration 23:08 
    Government Approved Codes 23:40 
    Outlawed Child Labor 24:00 
   Other Programs 24:21 
    Public Works Administration 24:29 
    Civilian Conservation Corps 25:33 
    Tennessee Valley Authority 25:58 
   TVA 26:25 
   CCC 26:45 
   PWA 27:11 
   Example 1 27:35 
   Example 2 29:55 
   Example 3 32:30 
  The Second New Deal 48:10
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:05 
   New Deal Under Attack 1:21 
    Liberty League 1:49 
    Schechter v. United States 3:10 
    Unconstitutional Codes Created by NIRA 3:39 
    Father Charles Coughlin 4:31 
    Father Francis Townsend 4:54 
    Senator Huey Long 5:25 
    Share Our Wealth Society 5:37 
   Critiques From the Left 6:14 
    The New Deal 6:17 
    Nationalization of Businesses 7:25 
    United States v. Butler 7:35 
   The Second New Deal 7:45 
    Townsend's, Coughlin's and Long's Programs 8:12 
    Works Progress Administration 8:30 
    The Labor Movement 9:05 
   The Promise of the New Deal 9:17 
   New Deal Murals 9:48 
   New Deal Programs 10:12 
   The Second New Deal 10:50 
    The National Labor Relations Act 10:51 
    National Labor Relations Board 11:01 
    Social Security Act 11:15 
    Categorical Assistance Programs 11:47 
   W.P.A 12:29 
   1936 Politics 14:17 
    Solid South 14:36 
    Judicial Reorganization Bill 15:32 
    The Wagner Act and SSA 16:02 
   New Economic Policy: Deficit Spending 16:40 
    John Maynard Keynes 16:51 
    Deficit Spendings 16:55 
    Purposeful Government Intervention 17:23 
    Ended the Great Depression 18:01 
   John Maynard Keynes 18:34 
    Economist 18:43 
    The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money 18:46 
   The Rise of Unions and the CIO 18:53 
    John L. Lewis 19:25 
    The Congress of Industrial Organization 19:36 
    One Union 19:48 
   Steel Workers Organize 20:15 
   Strikes 20:32 
    Collective Bargaining 20:33 
    Resisted Union Demands 20:35 
   Effects of the New Deal 21:18 
    Expansion of the Federal Bureaucracy 21:20 
    Steel Workers Organizing Committee 21:47 
    Fair Labor Standards Act 22:25 
   Effects and Eleanor Roosevelt 23:32 
    A Recession 23:57 
    Government Policy 24:05 
    Eleanor Roosevelt 24:28 
   Eleanor Roosevelt 25:56 
    The Postwar Era 26:44 
    My Day 27:14 
    Press Conferences for Female Reporters 27:22 
    Anti-Lynching Campaigns 27:34 
    The Right to Organize 28:00 
    Images of Eleanor Roosevelt 28:26 
   Supporters of New Deal 29:34 
    Activist Executive Branch 29:44 
    The First Female Cabinet Member 30:23 
    Indian Reorganization Act 31:33 
   Mary McLeod Bethune and Amelia Earhart 32:04 
    A Member of the Advisory Committee of the NYA 32:14 
    Lady Lindy 33:00 
   New Deal Critics 33:21 
    Unemployment Rate 33:37 
    The Federal Deficit 33:57 
   A Critical View 34:57 
   Discrimination of Minorities 35:09 
    Okies 35:20 
    Cesar Chavez 35:39 
    National Farmworkers Association 36:22 
    Chinese Exclusion Act 37:06 
    The Tydings-McDuffie Act 37:18 
    The Scottsboro Case 37:45 
   The Dust Bowl 38:50 
    Severe Drought 38:55 
    The Grapes of Wrath 39:44 
   Dust Bowl Map 39:55 
   Dust Cloud 40:31 
   Farmer and Family, Dust Bowl 40:44 
   Example 1 41:03 
   Example 2 42:51 
   Example 3 44:36 
   Example 4 46:29 
  World War II 55:16
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:05 
   Isolationist Foreign Policy of 1930s 1:13 
    The Washington Conference 1:28 
    Stimson Doctrine 2:48 
    Kellogg-Briand Pact 3:39 
    Good Neighbor Policy 4:10 
    The Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act 4:43 
   The Nye Commission 5:10 
    Investigation of the Munitions Industry 5:16 
    A Senate Committee 5:32 
    Non-Interventionist Movement 6:14 
    Neutrality Act 6:17 
    Quarantine Speech 6:45 
   Aggressive Militarism and Fascism Abroad 7:03 
    Treaty of Versailles 8:17 
    Lightening War 9:40 
    Withdrew from the League of Nations 10:38 
    Rome-Berlin Axis 10:55 
   Nazi Germany 11:18 
   Aggressive Militarism and Fascism Abroad 11:39 
    Ineffectiveness of League of Nations 11:56 
    Sinking of Panay 13:13 
    Appeasement 13:32 
   Before U.S. Enter War 14:49 
    Charles Beard 15:11 
    Four Essential Freedoms 16:09 
    Lend-Lease Act 17:19 
    The Atlantic Charter 17:33 
   “Four Freedoms” by Norman Rockwell 18:10 
   Attack on Pearl Harbor 18:35 
    The Bombing of Pearl Harbor 18:46 
    A Date Which Will Live in Infamy 18:53 
   Organizing for Total War 20:03 
    War Powers Act 20:10 
    War Production Board 21:40 
    Miracle Man 21:02 
    The Office of War Information 22:11 
   Wartime Propaganda 22:33 
   We Can Do It! 23:04 
    Large Scale Propaganda 23:06 
    Rosie the Riveter 23:48 
   Depression-Era Unemployment Disappeared 24:34 
    Unionized Jobs 25:00 
    Smith-Connally Labor Act 25:05 
    National War Labor Board 25:18 
    John Lewis 25:31 
   Internal Migration 25:42 
   Civil Rights Concerns 26:12 
    Negro Labor Relations League 26:37 
    Double V Campaign 27:38 
    A. Philip Randolph 28:20 
    League of United Latin American Citizens 29:17 
   Double V and Civil Rights 29:32 
   Effects on Minorities 29:57 
    The Status of Chinese Americans 30:00 
    Japanese immigrants 30:08 
    Zoot Suit 31:33 
   Japanese Internment 32:26 
    Executive order 9066 32:34 
    Korematsu v. United States 33:34 
    Ex Parte Endo Case 33:51 
    A Public Apology 34:34 
   Map of Relocation Camps 34:47 
   Manzanar Today 35:21 
   Instructions Posters 35:49 
   Major Military Events During WWII 36:09 
    Major Defeats on U.S. Forces 36:18 
    Battle of Coral Sea 36:54 
    Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower 37:37 
    General Douglas MacArthur 37:30 
    D-Day Invasion 37:57 
   Pacific Theatre 38:15 
   European Theatre 39:25 
   European Theatre, VE Day 40:39 
   The End of War in Europe 41:46 
    Final Solution of the Jewish Question 41:58 
    A War Refuge Board 43:09 
    United Nations 43:35 
   The Holocaust 43:46 
    Mass Extermination of Jews 43:56 
    Genocide of 6 Million Jews 44:12 
   In the Pacific 45:36 
    Island Hopping 46:12 
    Navajo Troops 46:29 
    Heavy Causalities 46:39 
    The Manhattan Project 47:17 
   Example 1 47:50 
   Example 2 49:18 
   Example 3 51:00 
   Example 4 52:20 
  The End of World War II and Cold War America 51:21
   Intro 0:00 
   Overview 0:06 
   The End of World War II 1:48 
    The Big Three Met at the Yalta Conference 1:58 
    Free and Unfettered Elections 2:40 
    Iron Curtain 3:15 
    2 Major Issues: Independence Movement in India 3:49 
   The Big Three 4:48 
   The Outcome of Yalta 5:26 
    Four Administrative Zones 5:37 
    United Nations Established That Would Have Security Council 5:48 
    Berlin Was Also Partitioned 6:42 
    Germany Divided Berlin Partitioned 6:48 
   FDR Dies and Truman as President 7:14 
    Franklin D. Roosevelt Couldn't Finish Presidency Term 7:30 
    Truman Took Over Presidency 7:45 
    Truman Chose to Use Bomb 7:55 
    Issued Warning to Surrender or Face Utter and Complete Destruction 8:14 
    Japanese Would Fight to Death Rather Than Surrender 9:00 
    Need Quick Way to End the War 9:46 
    Atomic Bomb 10:12 
   The Manhattan Project 10:29 
    Top-Secret Plan 10:35 
    J. Robert Oppenheimer 10:44 
    General Leslie Groves 10:55 
    First Atomic Bomb Successfully Tested 11:05 
   Other Factors that Influenced Truman 11:17 
    Potsdam with Stalin 11:22 
    U.S. Cryptographers 12:02 
    Why Did U.S. Decide to Flex It's Nuclear Muscle 12:08 
   The End of the War 13:26 
    U.S. Dropped Atomic Bomb on Hiroshima but No Japanese Response 13:45 
    Radiation Poisoning 14:04 
    Dropped a Second Atomic Bomb on Nagasaki 14:39 
    Emperor Hirohito Forced to Surrender 14:51 
    Peace Treaty 15:10 
    Number of Casualties 15:20 
   Postwar Devastation 16:00 
   The Cold War 16:38 
    What is the Cold War? 16:56 
    Two Countries Primarily Involved 17:21 
    Joseph Stalin 17:43 
    A Security Zone of Friendly Government 17:54 
    Yalta Conference: Sphere of Influence 18:15 
    No Move to Hold the Elections 18:43 
   Cold War in Europe 19:01 
   Potsdam Conference 19:53 
    President Harry Truman Decided U.S. Had to Take a Hard Line Against Soviet Expansion 19:59 
    Truman Took a Stance to Use Tough Methods 21:14 
    Allies Agreed to Disarm and Dismantle Germany 21:57 
   Baruch Plan 22:11 
    Baruch Plan 22:27 
    Failure of Baruch Plan 22:37 
    A Frenzied Nuclear Arms Race 22:54 
   Eastern Bloc Countries 23:18 
    Map of Eastern Bloc Areas 23:19 
    Winston Churchill 23:32 
   The Iron Curtain 23:39 
   George Kennan and Containment Policy 24:24 
    One of the First Policies: Containment Policy 24:30 
    U.S. Increasingly Perceived Soviet Expansion as a Threat 24:42 
    The Most Influential Proponent 24:54 
    Communist Guerrillas 25:00 
   Truman Doctrine 25:30 
    Large Scale Military and Economic Assistance 25:40 
    Domino Theory 26:05 
   Marshall Plan and Containment 26:34 
    Containment 26:44 
    Plan to Help Rebuild War-Torn Europe 26:55 
    Discontentment Encouraged the Communist 27:09 
    George Marshall and Economic Aid 27:17 
    Eastern Euros Refused Aid 27:43 
    Opposition in U.S. Congress 27:50 
    Motives of Marshall Plan 28:21 
    map of Czechoslovakia 1918-1992 28:29 
   Foreign Policy in Mid East 29:16 
    Zionist Leaders 29:21 
    Truman Recognized the State 29:51 
    Gamal Abdel Nasser Nationalizes the Suez 30:04 
    Arab Nationalism 30:30 
    Britain, France, Israel Attack Egypt 30:41 
   Berlin Airlift in 1948 30:52 
    Attempt to Push Out Allies 31:30 
    A Program of Economic Reform in West Berlin 31:42 
    A Symbol of Resistance to Communism 31:52 
   Containment in Asia 32:45 
    Civil War in China 32:51 
    Truman Attempted to Provide Funds 33:14 
    The People's Republic of China 33:35 
    Red China 33:56 
    Fall of China 34:08 
    Diplomatic Nonentity 34:37 
    The Korean War 34:55 
   Korean War, 1950-1953 35:46 
    The Map 35:47 
    Republican Challenge of Truman's Conduct of the War 37:26 
    Truman Fired MacArthur 37:45 
    An Armistice Was Signed and Korea was Divided 37:56 
   NATO and Warsaw Pact 38:20 
   Truman Era 38:29 
    Government and Consumer Spending 38:42 
    Civilian Production 38:54 
    The Office of Price Administration 39:02 
    Example: Strikes Closed Down Business in Numerous Cities<