INSTRUCTORS Raffi Hovasapian John Zhu

John Zhu

John Zhu

Position Velocity & Acceleration

Slide Duration:

Table of Contents

Section 1: Functions
Definitions & Properties of Functions

11m 26s

Intro
0:00
Definition
0:28
Properties: Vertical Line Test
1:32
Domain
1:38
Range
1:59
Vertical Line test
2:19
Example 1
2:33
Example 2
3:10
Properties: Roots or Zeros
4:04
Finding the Root
4:16
Properties: Forms
5:12
Graphically
5:20
List
5:46
Equation
6:11
Function
6:38
Properties: Odd & Even
7:12
Even Function
7:14
Odd Function
8:25
Properties: Increasing & Decreasing
9:17
Increasing Function
9:22
Decreasing Function
10:21
Graphing

13m 58s

Intro
0:00
Manipulating
0:10
A in the Equation
0:39
B in the Equation
0:44
C & D in the Equation
0:49
Negative values
0:59
Example 1
1:17
Example 2
1:51
Example 3: Absolute Value Functions
3:43
Example 4
4:57
Example 5
6:17
Example 6
8:02
Example 7
9:10
Example 8
11:02
Example 9
11:47
Inverse Functions

6m 47s

Intro
0:00
Inverse
0:08
Definition
0:18
Example: Finding the Inverse
1:03
Example 2
2:29
Example 3
3:12
Example 4
4:41
Polynomial Functions

5m 4s

Intro
0:00
Types of Functions: Polynomials
0:07
No Domain Restrictions
0:12
No Discontinuities
0:19
Degree Test
0:31
Types of Functions: Polynomials
1:17
Leading Coefficient Test
1:33
Leading Coefficient Positive, Even Degree
1:54
Leading Coefficient Positive, Odd Degree
2:13
Leading Coefficient Negative Even Degree
2:34
Leading Coefficient Positive, Odd Degree
2:46
Examples: Types of Functions: Polynomials
3:03
Examples: Types of Functions: Polynomials
4:18
Trigonometric Functions

6m 45s

Intro
0:00
Types of Functions: Trigonometric
0:05
6 Functions To Be Familiar With
0:14
Example 1: SIN
1:38
Example 2: COS
3:22
Example 3: TAN
4:38
Inverse Trigonometric Functions

5m 58s

Intro
0:00
Types of Functions: Trigonometric- Inverse Trig Functions
0:07
Example: Inverse SIN of X
0:45
Example: Inverse Function
2:30
Example: Inverse TAN of X
4:42
Trigonometric Identities

17m 42s

Intro
0:00
Types of Functions: Trigonometric- Trig Identities
0:07
4 Identities
0:24
Pythagorean
0:28
Double Angle
1:10
Power Reducing
1:28
Sum or Difference
1:42
Couple More Identities
1:59
Negative Angle
2:04
Product to Sum
2:39
Example 1: Prove
3:00
Example 2: Simplify Expression
5:02
Example 3: Prove
5:56
Example 4: Prove
8:02
Example 5: Prove With TAN
12:43
Exponential Functions

5m 53s

Intro
0:00
Types of Functions: Exponentials
0:07
General Form
0:10
Special Exponential Function
0:17
Example 1: Using Exponential Properties
0:46
Example 2: Using Exponential Properties
1:58
Example 3: Using Trig Identities & Exponential Properties
3:16
Example 4: Using Exponential Properties
4:37
Logarithmic Functions

7m 8s

Intro
0:00
Types of Functions: Logarithmic
0:06
General Form
0:10
2 Special Logarithmic Func.
0:19
Euler's # / Natural Log
0:27
Logarithmic & Exponential Relationship
0:45
Log form
1:56
Properties
2:09
Example 1: Apply Basic Principle of Log Func.
3:05
Example 2: Use Properties
3:40
Example 3: Regular Log
5:16
Rational Functions

15m 36s

Intro
0:00
Types of Functions: Rational - Definition
0:06
Example 1: Graph Rational Func.
0:36
Example 2: Find Asymptotes of Func.
7:02
Example 3: Find Asymptotes of Func.
8:59
Example 4: Graph Rational Func.
11:08
Conic Sections

14m 58s

Intro
0:00
Types of Conic Sections
0:06
Parabolas
0:19
Circles
1:36
Ellipses
2:40
Hyperbolas
4:42
Complete the Square
6:40
Example: Conic Sections
9:08
Example 2: Conic Sections
10:59
Example 3: Graph Conic Sections
12:21
Section 2: Limits and Continuity
Limit Definition & Properties

7m 15s

Intro
0:00
Definition
0:06
Example: Limit
0:17
Properties
1:13
1st Property
1:21
2nd Property
1:34
Special Property
1:51
Limits
2:36
Explain Example
2:49
Limits Example
4:39
Limits Example
5:21
Solving Limits with Algebra

8m 1s

Intro
0:00
Solving Limits with Algebra
0:07
Example 1: Solve Algebraically
0:30
Solving Limits with Algebra, Example 2
2:28
Solving Limits with Algebra, Example 3
3:18
Solving Limits with Algebra, Example 4
4:56
Solving Limits with Algebra, Example 5
6:26
Rational Limit Rules

3m 16s

Intro
0:00
Rational Limit Rules
0:07
Review of Solving Problem Algebraically
0:08
Limit Rules
0:28
Rule 1
0:35
Rule 2
0:40
Rule 3
0:45
Rational Limit Rules
1:02
Applying 1st Rule
1:22
Rational Limit Rules
1:50
Applying 2nd Rule
2:09
Rational Limit Rules
2:26
Applying 3rd Rule
2:40
One Sided Limits

9m 57s

Intro
0:00
Types of Limits: One-Sided Limit Rules
0:06
Example
0:19
Applying Same Rule
0:34
Rule to Keep In Mind
0:52
Types of Limits: One-Sided Limit Example 1
1:12
Limit of x² From Negative Side
2:11
Types of Limits: One-Sided Limit, Example 2
2:27
Types of Limits: One-Sided Limit, Example 3
4:26
Types of Limits: One-Sided Limit, Example 4
5:47
One-Sided Limit Example: X with Even Degree Polynomial
7:00
One-Sided Limit Example: Entire Denominator Squared
8:09
Special Trigonometric Limits

8m 28s

Intro
0:00
Types of Limits: Special Trig Limits
0:07
Pre-set Rules
0:35
Special Trig Limits, Example 1
0:58
Special Trig Limits, Example 2
2:50
Special Trig Limits, Example 3
3:55
Special Trig Limits, Example 4: With More Degrees
4:57
Special Trig Limits, Example 5
6:21
Limits & Continuity

10m 14s

Intro
0:00
Definition
0:06
3 Rules: f(x) Is Continuous…
0:21
Example 1: Finding Continuity
1:06
Types of Discontinuity
2:44
Jump
2:52
Point
3:24
Essential (Asymptote)
3:47
Removable
4:17
Example 2: Continuity Examples
4:41
Example 3: Continuity Examples
6:13
Example 4: Locate & Identify Type of Discontinuities
8:00
Limits: Multiple Choice Practice

6m 16s

Intro
0:00
Problem 1
0:08
Problem 2
1:51
Problem 3
2:54
Problem 4
4:31
Section 3: Derivatives
Derivative Definition & Properties

4m 11s

Intro
0:00
Definition
0:09
Formal Definition
0:45
Difference Quotient
1:12
Basic Derivatives
1:16
Differentiability
2:54
Basic Rules of Differentiation

7m 7s

Intro
0:00
Basic Rules of Differentiation
0:09
Constant Rule
0:14
Constant Multiple Rule
1:10
Addition and Difference Rule
1:40
Example 1: Constant Rule
2:25
Example 2: Constant Multiple Rule
3:01
Example 3: Constant Multiple Rule
3:35
Example 4: Constant Rule
4:34
Example 5: Constant Multiple Rule
5:03
Example 6
5:33
Power Rule

7m 14s

Intro
0:00
Power Rule
0:07
Power Rule Definition
0:30
Example 1
1:11
Example 2
2:25
Example 3
3:05
Example 4
4:18
Example 5
5:13
Trigonometric Rules

7m 53s

Intro
0:00
Trigonometric Rules
0:07
COS X
0:38
Find Derivative
1:02
Example 1
2:46
Example 2: COS Function
3:09
Example 3: Composite Expression
3:54
Example 4: Sec Function
5:02
Example 5: CSC
5:33
Example 6L COT
6:42
Product Rule

11m 11s

Intro
0:00
Product Rule
0:07
Definition
0:20
Example 1
0:43
Example 2
2:11
Example 3
4:24
Example 4
5:24
Example 5
6:42
Example 6
7:51
Quotient Rule

16m 50s

Intro
0:00
Quotient Rule
0:07
Definition
0:30
Example 1
1:17
Example 2: With No X In Numerator
2:49
Example 3
4:30
Example 4: With Decimals
6:46
Example 5
8:53
Example 6: With Trig Functions
12:55
Chain Rule

19m 48s

Intro
0:00
Chain Rule
0:07
Definition
0:17
Example 1: Applying the Chain Rule
1:33
Example 2
4:25
Example 3
6:02
Example 4
9:25
Example 5
12:47
Example 6
15:27
Higher Order Derivatives

15m

Intro
0:00
Types of Derivatives: Higher Order Derivatives
0:07
1st Derivative / F Prime
0:19
2nd Derivative
0:25
3rd Derivative
0:32
Example 1
1:48
Example 2: Find 3rd Derivative
3:13
Example 3: Acceleration
4:25
Example 4
10:20
Example 5: 2nd Derivative
12:11
Derivatives of Exponential Functions

13m 14s

Intro
0:00
Types of Derivatives: Exponential Functions
0:08
Derivatives: Definition/ Formula
0:28
Example 1
1:25
Example 2
2:47
Example 3
4:13
Example 4
7:11
Example 5
9:23
Example 6
11:06
Derivatives of Logarithmic Functions

11m 30s

Intro
0:00
Types of Derivatives: Logarithmic Functions
0:06
Rule for Logarithmic Functions
0:28
Example 1
0:58
Example 2
3:10
Example 3
4:38
Example 4
7:18
Example 5
8:48
Example 6
9:38
Derivatives of Inverse Trigonometric Functions

16m 54s

Intro
0:00
Types of Derivatives: Inverse Trigonometric Functions
0:06
6 Fundamental Properties of Inverse Trigonometric Functions
0:38
Example 1
2:17
Example 2
3:41
Example 3
5:37
Example 4
7:24
Example 5
10:08
Implicit Differentiation

16m 53s

Intro
0:00
Implicit Differentiation: First Order
0:07
Example 1: Setting Up
0:45
Example 1: Solving
1:41
Implicit Differentiation: Second Order (Ex. 2)
4:55
Example 3: Implicit Differentiation
9:11
Example 4: Implicit Differentiation
9:56
Example 5: Implicit Differentiation With Double Derivative
12:46
Multiple Choice Practice: Derivatives

11m 7s

Intro
0:00
Practice Problem 1
0:09
Answer
3:24
Practice Problem 2
3:36
Answer
6:29
Practice Problem 3
6:42
Answer
8:39
Practice Problem 4
8:43
Answer
9:33
Practice Problem 5
9:41
Answer
10:40
Section 4: Applications of Derivatives
Tangent & Normal Lines

22m 36s

Intro
0:00
Tangent and Normal Lines
0:10
Definition
0:22
Example 1
0:55
Tangent and Normal Lines: Example 2
2:43
Tangent and Normal Lines
5:21
Example 3
5:35
Tangent and Normal Lines: Example 4
9:14
Tangent and Normal Lines: Example 5
12:27
Tangent and Normal Lines: Example 6
15:54
Tangent and Normal Lines: Example 7
19:05
Position Velocity & Acceleration

18m 42s

Intro
0:00
Position, Velocity, and Acceleration
0:10
Position Function
0:14
Velocity Function
0:34
Acceleration Function
1:01
Example 1
1:20
Example 2
6:31
Example Continue: Velocity When Acceleration is Zero
6:32
Example 3: Where Is Particle Changing Directions?
8:16
Example 4: Total Distance Traveled From 0 to 2 Second
11:09
Example 5: Ball Drop Problem
16:40
Related Rates

26m 22s

Intro
0:00
Related Rates
0:06
Finding Rate of Change: Organization & Big Picture
0:23
Example 2: Area of a Circle
1:17
Example 3: Spherical Volume Expanding
4:19
Example 4: Traveling Problem
7:57
Example 5: Square Increase
12:37
Example 6: Standard Related Rates Problem
16:59
Example 7: Standard Related Rates Problem
19:49
Minimum & Maximum

12m 22s

Intro
0:00
Extrema: First Derivative Test
0:09
Example 1
0:46
Example 2: Real World Application/ Cost Function
4:05
Example 3: Minimums & Maximums
7:10
Example 4: Find Critical Points
10:52
Concavity

11m 43s

Intro
0:00
Concavity: Second Derivative Test
0:06
Definition
0:34
Example 1
0:54
Example 2
2:51
Example 3
4:08
Example 4
5:52
Rolles Theorem

8m 28s

Intro
0:00
Rolle's Theorem
0:07
Conditions
0:11
Summary
0:41
Example 1
1:09
Example 2
3:08
Example 3
4:48
Mean Value Theorem

9m 39s

Intro
0:00
Mean Value Theorem
0:06
Rolle's Theorem
0:07
Mean Value Theorem Conditions
0:24
Mean Value Theorem Definition
0:36
Example 1
0:56
Example 2
2:44
Example 3
5:28
Example 4
7:15
Differentials

12m 25s

Intro
0:00
Differentials
0:08
1st Differential Formula
0:29
2nd Differential Formula
0:57
Example 1
1:06
Example 2
3:21
Example 3
5:49
Example 4
7:19
Example 5
9:06
Applications of Derivatives: Multiple Choice Practice

13m 21s

Intro
0:00
Practice Problem 1
0:10
Answer
1:57
Practice Problem 2
2:08
Answer
5:39
Practice Problem 3
5:45
Answer
9:59
Practice Problem 4
10:12
Answer
11:49
Practice Problem 5
11:52
Answer
13:00
Applications of Derivatives: Free Response Practice

10m 22s

Intro
0:00
Practice Problem 1
0:10
Slope
1:30
Tangent Line Equation
2:17
Absolute Minimum
2:24
2 Possible X Points With Minimums
3:15
One Interest Point
4:14
Concavity
4:33
Positive Value = Positive Concavity
4:10
Minimum Point
5:34
Absolute Minimum
6:18
Point(s) of Inflection
6:31
Definition
6:49
2 Points Of Inflection
9:59
Section 5: Integrals
Definition of Integrals

1m 8s

Intro
0:00
Definition
0:09
Definition
0:16
Example
0:20
Integrals of Power Rule

8m 50s

Intro
0:00
Power Rule
0:06
Example 1
0:25
Example 2
2:02
Example 3
2:54
Example 4
3:45
Example 5
4:49
Example 6
6:47
Integrals Basic Rules of Integration

9m 43s

Intro
0:00
Basic Rules of Integration
0:09
Constant Rule
0:22
Example 1
0:40
Addition and Difference Rule
1:40
Example 2
1:58
Example 3: Subtraction/ Difference Rule
2:47
Example 4
3:55
Example 5
5:19
Example 6
7:37
Trigonometric Rules of Integrals

8m 58s

Intro
0:00
Trigonometric Rules
0:09
Integral of SIN
0:38
Example 1: Integral of SIN
1:46
Example 2: Integral of COS
2:38
Example 3: With 2 terms of X
3:06
Example 4: Integral of SEC
4:15
Example 5: Integral of CSC
5:06
Example 6
6:18
Chain Rule

13m 59s

Intro
0:00
Chain Rule
0:07
Example 1
0:37
Example 2
3:17
Example 3
5:09
Example 4
7:53
Example 5
9:40
Example 6
11:39
Integrals of Exponential Functions

12m 52s

Intro
0:00
Types of Integrals: Exponential Functions
0:09
Rule 1
0:30
Rule 2
0:49
Example 1
1:11
Example 2
2:54
Example 3
4:19
Example 4
5:19
Example 5
7:37
Example 6
9:04
Integrals of Natural Logarithmic Functions

13m

Intro
0:00
Types of Integrals: Natural Log Functions
0:09
Example 1
0:49
Example 2
2:06
Example 3
4:01
Example 4
5:37
Example 5
7:30
Example 6
9:05
Integrals of Inverse Trigonometric Functions

8m 29s

Intro
0:00
Types of Integrals: Inverse Trig Functions
0:09
One Property
0:40
Example 1
1:19
Example 2
3:44
Example 3
4:53
Example 4
5:53
Integrals: Multiple Choice Practice

15m 37s

Intro
0:00
Problem 1
0:09
Answer
4:09
Problem 2
4:33
Answer
5:54
Problem 3
5:59
Answer
8:02
Problem 4
8:06
Answer
10:27
Problem 5
10:43
Answer
14:46
Section 6: Applications of Integrals
Fundamental Theorem of Calculus

15m 55s

Intro
0:00
Fundamental Theorem of Calculus: Properties
0:10
Definition of Integral
0:49
Example 1
1:14
Fundamental Theorem of Calculus: Properties
2:40
Rule 1
2:50
Rule 2
3:14
Rule 3
3:33
Rule 4
3:52
Example 2
4:07
Example 3
6:17
Example 4
9:31
Example 5
10:52
Example 6
13:34
Area Under A Curve

18m 34s

Intro
0:00
Area Under Curve
0:07
Definition of Integral
0:09
Left Endpoint
1:17
Right Endpoint
1:47
Midpoints
2:09
Example 1
2:40
Example 2
4:59
Example 3
8:48
Example 4
10:23
Example 5
12:30
Example 6
15:32
Reimann Sums

10m 35s

Intro
0:00
Reimann Sums
0:08
Definition
1:07
Example 1
2:48
Example 2
5:38
Example 3
7:21
Example 4
9:14
Trapezoid Rule

12m 46s

Intro
0:00
The Trapezoid Rule
0:09
Definition: Area Of A Trapezoid
0:26
Terms of Formula
1:35
Example 1
2:11
Example 2
4:29
Example 3
7:22
Example 4
10:01
Mean Value Theorem

11m 22s

Intro
0:00
Mean Value Theorem of Integration
0:06
Example 1
0:53
Example 2
2:29
Example 3
3:48
Example 4
6:02
Second Fundamental Theorem of Calculus

4m 44s

Intro
0:00
Second Fundamental Theorem of Calculus
0:07
Definition
0:39
Example 1
1:08
Example 2
2:07
Example 3
2:48
Example 4
3:23
Area Between Curves

16m 39s

Intro
0:00
Example 1
0:10
Example 2
3:00
Example 3
4:46
Example 4
8:22
Example 5
11:04
Example 6
13:09
Revolving Solids Washer Disk Methods

21m 9s

Intro
0:00
Revolving Solids Washer Disk Methods
0:11
Explanation
0:33
Formula
3:12
Example 1
3:42
Example 2
6:54
Example 3
9:29
Example 4
12:16
Example 5
15:35
Revolving Solids Cylindrical Shells Method

26m 46s

Intro
0:00
Revolving Solids: Cylindrical Shells Method
0:09
Volume Of A Solid
0:25
Formula
2:51
Example 1
2:56
Example 2
7:28
Example 3
11:39
Example 4
17:36
Example 5
21:45
Revolving Solids Known Cross Sections

27m 41s

Intro
0:00
Revolving Solids Known Cross Sections
0:08
Example 1
0:35
Example 2
6:01
Example 3
11:03
Example 4
17:29
Example 5
22:19
Differential Equations Eulers Method

17m 54s

Intro
0:00
Differential Equations
0:08
Example 1
0:30
Differential Equations: Euler's Method
2:33
Rules
2:39
Example 2
3:00
Example 3
5:42
Example 4
9:44
Example 5
14:14
Differential Equations Slope Fields

16m 30s

Intro
0:00
Slope Fields
0:08
What Are Slope Fields
0:21
Example 1
0:42
Example 2
6:30
Example 3
11:17
Application of Integrals: Multiple Choice Practice

14m 19s

Intro
0:00
Practice Problem 1
0:10
Answer
3:46
Practice Problem 2
3:49
Answer
6:20
Practice Problem 3
6:26
Answer
8:02
Practice Problem 4
8:07
Answer
10:58
Practice Problem 5
11:05
Answer
14:06
Application of Integrals: Free Response Practice

9m 14s

Intro
0:00
Problem 1
0:10
Part A
0:24
Part A: Solution
2:04
Part B
2:10
Problem 1, Part B Continue
2:23
Part B: Solution
6:15
Problem 1, Part C
6:58
Part C: Solution
12:40
Problem 2
12:52
Part A
13:02
Part A: Solution
15:34
Part B
16:03
Part B: Solution
18:48
Section 7: Sample AP Test
AP Calculus AB Practice test: Section 1: Multiple Choice Part 1

17m 50s

Intro
0:00
Problem 1
0:20
Problem 2
1:24
Problem 3
2:53
Problem 4
3:56
Problem 5
8:18
Problem 6
9:06
Problem 7
10:14
Problem 8
12:16
Problem 9
14:13
AP Calculus AB Practice test: Section 1: Multiple Choice Part 2

17m 32s

Intro
0:00
Problem 10
0:18
Problem 11
2:26
Problem 12
6:11
Problem 13
7:04
Problem 14
8:06
Problem 15
10:32
Problem 16
11:40
Problem 17
13:00
Problem 18
14:43
AP Calculus AB Practice test: Section 1: Multiple Choice Part 3

22m 14s

Intro
0:00
Problem 19
0:21
Problem 20
2:33
Problem 21
7:23
Problem 22
10:24
Problem 23
12:18
Problem 24
13:13
Problem 25
15:52
Problem 26
17:03
Problem 27
19:44
AP Calculus AB Practice test: Section 1: Multiple Choice Part 4

19m 35s

Intro
0:00
Problem 28
0:23
Problem 29
3:50
Problem 30
5:31
Problem 31
9:02
Problem 32
10:07
Problem 33
11:27
Problem 34
13:47
Problem 35
15:21
Problem 36
16:53
AP Calculus AB Practice test: Section 1: Multiple Choice Part 5

25m 43s

Intro
0:00
Problem 37
0:22
Problem 38
2:27
Problem 39
5:36
Problem 40
7:21
Problem 41
10:08
Problem 42
11:29
Problem 43
13:07
Problem 44
18:18
Problem 45
21:08
AP Calculus AB Practice Test: Section 2: Free Response Part 1

16m 50s

Intro
0:00
Problem 1, Part A
0:20
Problem 1, Part B
3:03
Problem 1, Part C
4:11
Problem 1, Part D
5:36
Problem 2, Part A
7:37
Problem 2, Part B
9:02
Problem 2, Part C
12:31
AP Calculus AB Practice Test: Section 2: Free Response Part 2

21m 36s

Intro
0:00
Problem 3, Part A
0:18
Problem 3, Part B
5:57
Problem 4, Part A
11:26
Problem 4, Part B
12:28
Problem 4, Part C
15:35
Problem 4, Part D
18:56
AP Calculus AB Practice Test: Section 2: Free Response Part 3

13m 39s

Intro
0:00
Problem 5, Part A
0:21
Problem 5, Part B
3:07
Problem 5, Part C
6:43
Problem 6
8:24
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Lecture Comments (1)

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Post by Florian Cagol on February 18, 2015

How would you solve for the value of "t" when "v" attains its maximum ?

Position Velocity & Acceleration

  • Given position , ,
    • Velocity is the derivative of the position function
    • Acceleration is the second order derivative of the position function
  • Critical points: evaluate “t” when desired function = 0
  • Understand problem context or meaning to setup problem

Position Velocity & Acceleration

An object's position is given by x(t) = 2 x3 + 4 x2 + x + 20. Find the difference in position of t = 0 and t = 2
  • Difference in position is equal to x(2) − x(0)
  • x(2) = 2 (23) + 4 (22) + 2 + 20 = 16 + 16 + 2 + 20 = 54
  • x(0) = 2(0) + 4(0) + 0 + 20 = 20
x(2) − x(0) = 34
An object's position at t ≥ 0 is given by x(t) = −9.8 t2 + 20t. Find the value of t when the velocity is zero.
  • The velocity can be seen as the derivative of the position function, so we must find when the derivative of x is zero.
  • x′(t) = −19.6t + 20
  • −19.6t + 20 = 0
  • −19.6t = −20
t = [20/19.6]
An object's position with respect to t is given by x(t) = 2(sin5t). Find the velocity and acceleration of the object with respect to t
  • x′(t) = v(t) = [d/dt] 2(sin5t)
  • v(t) = 2 (cos5t) [d/dt] 5t
  • v(t) = 10(cos5t)
  • x"(t) = v′(t) = a(t) = [d/dt] 10(cos5t)
  • a(t) = 10 (− sin5t) 5 = −50 sin5t
v(t) = 10 cos5t and a(t) = −50 sin5t
A falling ball's position is given by x(t) = 9.8 [m/(s2)] t2. How long would it take for the ball to fall 50 meters?
  • Solve for t such that x(t) = 50 m
  • 9.8 [m/(s2)] t2 = 50 m
  • t2 = [50 m/(9.8 [m/(s2)])]
  • t2 = [(50 s2)/9.8]
  • t = ±√{[(50 s2)/9.8]}
  • Since we're talking about a length of time, we're only really interested in the positive value.
t = √{[50/9.8]} s
In the previous problem, what is the ball's speed when it has fallen exactly 50 meters?
  • We already know the value of t when the ball has fallen 50 meters. We now need to find the speed at that time.
  • v(t) = x′(t) = 9.8 [m/(s2)] (2t)
  • v(√{[50/9.8]} s) = 19.6 [m/(s2)] √{[50/9.8]} s
v = 19.6 √{[50/9.8]} [m/s]
A ball is thrown up into the air. Its position is given by x(t) = (−9.8 [m/(s2)]) t2 + (20 [m/s]) t. What is the maximum height the ball reaches?
  • Let's graph x with respect to t
  • From inspection, it looks like it hits a maximum of about 10 m at about the 1 second mark.
  • A parabola like this will always hits its maximum (or minimum) when the slope or velocity is equal to zero.
  • v(t) = [d/dt] x(t)
  • v(t) = [d/dt] (−9.8 [m/(s2)]) t2 + [d/dt] (20 [m/s]) t
  • v(t) = −19.6 [m/(s2)] t + 20 [m/s]
  • Set to zero and solve for t
  • −19.6 [m/(s2)] t + 20 [m/s] = 0
  • −19.6 [m/(s2)] t = −20 [m/s]
  • t = [20/19.6] s
  • Plug that time in to the position function
  • x([20/19.6] s) = (−9.8 [m/(s2)]) ([20/19.6] s)2 + (20 [m/s]) [20/19.6] s
The ball reaches a height of about 10.2  m
An object's position with respect to t is given by x(t) = −9.8 t2 + 20t − 30. Find the velocity when t = 0
  • v(t) = [d/dt] −9.8 t2 + 20t − 30
  • v(t) = −19.6 t + 20
  • v(0) = −19.6 (0) + 20
v(0) = 20
A solar sail has an estimated acceleration of 13 [km/(hour2)]. Starting from a complete stop, the position is given at t ≥ 0 by x(t) = 13 [km/(hour2)] t2. Find the velocity after 20 days.
  • v(t) = 13 [km/(hour2)] (2t)
  • v(t) = 26 [km/(hour2)] t
  • The function is currently in terms of hours and the units should cancel. We can either convert the function to take time in terms of days, or convert the number of days into hours.
  • v(24 [hours/day] * 20  days) = 26 [km/(hour2)] (480  hours)
After 20 days, the ship is traveling 12480 [km/hour]
Space probe Voyager 1's position relative to the Sun can be approximately described by x(t) = 61530 [km/hour] t + 1.8 * 1010 km. Using values from the previous problem, how long would it take that solar sail to achieve greater speed than Voyager 1?
  • We need to find when their speeds would be equal. We'll call Voyager 1 ship A, and the solar sail ship B.
  • vA(t) = [d/dt] (61530 [km/hour] t + 1.8 * 1010 km)
  • vA(t) = 61530 [km/hour]
  • From the previous problem we know that vB(t) = 26 [km/(hour2)] t
  • Now we set the two equal and solve for t
  • 26 [km/(hour2)] t = 61530 [km/hour]
  • t = [61530/26] [km/hour] [(hour2)/km]
  • t ≈ 2366.5  hours
It would take approximately 2367  hours or 99  days for the solar sail to achieve greater speed.
An object's position at t ≥ 0 is given by x(t) = −9.8 t2 + 20t. Graph an overlay of the position, velocity, and acceleration of the object with t as the horizontal axis.
  • v(t) = −9.8 (2t) + 20 = −19.6t + 20
  • a(t) = −19.6

*These practice questions are only helpful when you work on them offline on a piece of paper and then use the solution steps function to check your answer.

Answer

Position Velocity & Acceleration

Lecture Slides are screen-captured images of important points in the lecture. Students can download and print out these lecture slide images to do practice problems as well as take notes while watching the lecture.

  • Intro 0:00
  • Position, Velocity, and Acceleration 0:10
    • Position Function
    • Velocity Function
    • Acceleration Function
  • Example 1 1:20
  • Example 2 6:31
  • Example Continue: Velocity When Acceleration is Zero 6:32
  • Example 3: Where Is Particle Changing Directions? 8:16
  • Example 4: Total Distance Traveled From 0 to 2 Second 11:09
  • Example 5: Ball Drop Problem 16:40
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