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Table of Contents
I. Introduction
Introduction
8m 43s
- Intro0:00
- Lesson Overview0:10
- Why Does This Test Exist?0:36
- Designed to test your ability to understand and interpret English literature0:42
- Tests skills you'll develop in a first-year English literature class0:54
- Worth college credit if you score a 4 or 5 on the exam1:00
- What's on the Test?1:12
- Section I - Multiple Choice1:16
- Section II - Essays1:36
- Poetry1:56
- Prose2:10
- Open Essay2:26
- How is the Test Scored?2:50
- There is no penalty for guessing2:58
- Each essay is scored by a different reader3:46
- Essay's scored from 0 to 94:00
- What Does All That Mean?4:30
- You want to get 30 out of 55 right on multiple choice section4:40
- You want to get at least 5 out of 9 points on each essay4:52
- How is the Test Scored? (Table)5:10
- How This Course Will Work6:30
- Introduction6:36
- Multiple Choice7:04
- The Essays7:16
- The Walkthrough7:42
- Bonus Unit: Shakespeare8:00
Literary Movements at Lightspeed
27m 10s
- Intro0:00
- Lesson Overview0:12
- Lesson Overview, cont.0:34
- What is a Literary Movement?0:58
- A group of writers who have something in common1:00
- Why Do Literary Movements Matter?1:42
- Knowledge of literary movements is like a cheat sheet for the exam1:48
- Gives you context1:54
- Gives you great buzzwords2:16
- Metaphysical2:40
- When/Where2:42
- What is it?2:54
- What to look for3:22
- Examples3:50
- Augustans4:28
- When/Where4:30
- What is it?4:44
- What to look for4:46
- Examples5:10
- Romantics5:40
- When/Where5:48
- What is it?5:52
- What to look for6:14
- Examples6:28
- Symbolists7:18
- When/Where7:22
- What is it?7:46
- What to look for7:52
- Examples8:46
- Modernists9:28
- When/Where9:38
- What is it?9:52
- What to look for10:08
- Examples11:04
- Harlem Renaissance11:54
- When/Where12:02
- What is it?12:12
- What to look for12:30
- Examples12:58
- Postmodernists13:30
- When/Where13:34
- What is it?13:42
- What to look for14:10
- Examples15:02
- The Beats15:26
- When/Where15:28
- What is it?15:34
- What to look for15:50
- Examples17:02
- Confessionals17:32
- When/Where17:40
- What is it?17:44
- What to look for17:52
- Examples18:36
- New York School18:54
- When/Where18:56
- What is it?19:02
- What to look for19:08
- Examples20:04
- Black Arts Movement20:34
- When/Where20:40
- What is it?20:48
- What to look for21:10
- Examples21:24
- Black Mountain Poets22:00
- When/Where22:06
- What is it?22:18
- What to look for22:24
- Examples22:34
- Other Poets22:52
- Emily Dickinson22:58
- Robert Frost23:54
- W.H. Auden25:00
- Elizabeth Bishop25:32
- Adrienne Rich26:04
- Seamus Heaney26:24
- A Great Resource for Poetry26:41
- www.poets.org26:51
Reading List
9m 40s
- Intro0:00
- Lesson Overview0:12
- What Does This List Do?0:38
- Provides you with an overview of what the exam expects you to know going into the test0:40
- Provides a context for the passages you'll encounter0:52
- Great place to start1:00
- What Does This List Not Do?1:10
- Not a substitute for not reading1:12
- Won’t get you a good score by itself1:18
- Do not try to read everything on this list1:32
- Pre-20th Century Authors1:50
- 20th Century to the Present2:34
- 20th Century to the Present, cont.3:24
- 20th Century to the Present, cont.4:10
- 20th Century to the Present, cont.4:58
- Wait. What?5:33
- Essential Texts5:41
- Don't read everything on that list!5:47
- Go back and look for authors you recognize6:11
- Pay attention to what's been assigned to you6:35
- What if you don't recognize any names?6:47
- Essential Texts, cont.6:53
- Anthologies7:05
- Textbooks7:23
- Your teacher's bookshelf7:35
- Ten Good Starting Points7:59
- Frankenstein8:08
- Hamlet8:09
- The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn8:17
- The Autobiography of Frederick Douglass8:19
- Walden8:23
- Guns, Germs, and Steel8:25
- Letter from Birmingham Jail8:31
- Heart of Darkness8:33
- 19848:35
- Oedipus Rex8:41
- If All Else Fails…8:53
Literary Criticism
11m 23s
- Intro0:00
- Lesson Overview0:10
- What is Literary Criticism0:36
- The study, evaluation, and interpretation of literature0:40
- Asks the questions, what is the work about?0:46
- What is the author trying to say?0:48
- What does [something] mean?0:50
- How do these works relate to one another0:58
- Is this work any good?1:12
- Why Does Literary Criticism Matter?1:24
- Helps you get through high school and college literature classes1:28
- Helps you understand what smart people are talking about1:36
- Helps you understand human beings1:40
- Wait. What?1:46
- Where to Find Literary Criticism2:33
- Critical anthologies2:41
- Literary journals2:53
- Book reviews3:07
- Popular literary magazines3:13
- Major Critical Movements3:19
- How to Write Your Own Literary Criticism5:19
- All about observation and interpretation5:31
- How to Write Your Own Literary Criticism: Things to Look At6:05
- Context6:15
- Biography6:51
- Content7:11
- Undercurrents7:29
- Language8:17
- Critical Perspectives8:37
- The Quick and Dirty Secret of Lit-Crit8:49
- Write about whatever the author didn't have to include8:57
- Three Great Books on Lit-Crit10:49
- The Critical Tradition11:03
- Critical Theory Today11:09
- Beginning Theory11:15
II. Shakespeare: Plays & Sonnets
Introduction to William Shakespeare
22m 20s
- Intro0:00
- First Things First0:18
- Lesson Overview1:02
- Who Was William Shakespeare?1:38
- Playwright1:40
- Poet1:44
- Businessman1:52
- Wordsmith2:00
- What Do We Know About Shakespeare?2:06
- Birth2:08
- Father2:34
- Education2:56
- Marriage4:10
- Children4:51
- The “Lost Period”5:52
- Work in London6:36
- Globe Theater8:14
- Real Estate Investments8:28
- Writing Style8:52
- Early Plays9:30
- Comedies9:36
- Histories9:54
- Others Written in Early Period10:26
- Big Plays10:36
- Problem Plays11:02
- What Else Do We Know About Shakespeare?11:30
- Wrote Poetry11:32
- Fewer plays after 160711:42
- Died12:28
- What Don't We Know About Shakespeare?14:02
- Few Personal Records14:46
- No Portraits During Lifetime14:52
- Little Unpaid Writing15:40
- Limited Education15:54
- Religion16:16
- Sexuality16:54
- Authorship17:32
- Why Does Shakespeare Matter?18:12
- Invented Modern English18:16
- Most Quoted19:08
- Changed Storytelling19:26
- Most Human Human Being19:40
- Am I Ever Going to Use This in the Real World?20:16
- The Secret of Understanding Shakespeare21:10
How This Course Will Work
4m 18s
- Intro0:00
- Lesson Overview0:10
- What Does This Course Do?0:30
- What Does This Course Not Do?0:54
- What’s in Each Lesson?1:56
- Background of the work2:04
- Content of the work2:12
- Tips and tricks2:20
- How to Use These Videos3:28
Romeo and Juliet
26m 51s
- Intro0:00
- First Things First0:10
- Lesson Overview0:44
- Background1:30
- Setting2:34
- Characters3:30
- Romeo3:31
- Montague3:44
- Benvolio3:56
- Prince Escalus4:04
- Count Paris4:12
- Mercutio4:26
- Juliet4:44
- Capulet4:58
- Tybalt5:04
- Rosaline5:24
- Nurse5:42
- Friar Laurence6:06
- Plot6:24
- The brawl6:26
- The barty7:32
- The balcony scene9:14
- Marriage arrangements10:34
- Lots and lots of fighting11:08
- Lots and lots of angst12:34
- The plot thickens13:30
- The tomb15:06
- Themes17:06
- Major Passages20:02
- Jumping-off Points21:40
- Love21:42
- Fate22:08
- Blame22:16
- Light and Darkness22:44
- Tragedy or Dark Comedy?23:00
- Source of Family Feuds23:28
- Remakes24:06
- The Secret of Understanding Shakespeare25:28
Hamlet
39m 28s
- Intro0:00
- First Things First0:10
- Lesson Overview0:40
- Background1:20
- Setting2:54
- Major Characters4:02
- Hamlet4:10
- Claudius4:34
- Gertrude4:54
- Polonius5:14
- Laertes5:38
- Ophelia5:48
- Horatio6:14
- Rosencrantz and Guildenstern6:28
- The Ghost6:44
- Fortinbras7:14
- Gravediggers7:18
- Plot7:32
- A death, a wedding, and a coronation7:34
- Appearance of the ghost8:36
- The mad prince9:54
- Laertes leaves for Paris and Ophelia gets advice10:30
- Rosencrantz and Guildenstern11:08
- Hamlet and Ophelia11:38
- The Mouse-Trap12:08
- Reaction15:44
- Ophelia's madness16:52
- Laertes returns and Ophelia dies17:40
- Hamlet returns; Yorick and Ophelia's grave18:40
- The duel20:22
- Everybody dies (except Horatio)20:56
- Themes22:10
- Major Passages26:18
- Act I, scene 2, 129-15826:34
- Act I, scene 4, 6727:12
- Act II, scene 2, 297-29828:04
- Act III, scene 1, 58-9028:52
- Act V, scene 1, 12229:46
- Act V, scene 1, 185-19531:18
- Jumping-off Points31:58
- Uncertainty in the play32:00
- Examine comedy32:38
- “Hinge points” in the play33:46
- The role of women34:30
- Suicide35:28
- Examine theatricality36:32
- Soliloquies37:10
- The Secret of Understanding Shakespeare38:10
Macbeth
24m
- Intro0:00
- First Things First0:10
- Public Service Announcement0:44
- Lesson Overview1:18
- Background1:54
- Setting4:20
- Major Characters4:52
- Macbeth4:58
- Lady Macbeth5:20
- Duncan5:28
- Malcom and Donalblain5:30
- Banquo5:32
- Fleance5:38
- Macduff6:04
- Lady Macduff6:16
- Witches6:22
- Siward6:25
- Hecate6:27
- Ross, Lennox, Angus, Menteith, Caithness6:39
- Plot6:45
- Macbeth's and Manquo's victories6:46
- The witches' prophecy6:59
- Prophecy fulfilled7:59
- Lady Macbeth's encouragement8:05
- The murder of Duncan8:29
- Malcom and Donalblain flee8:41
- Banquo killed, Fleance excapes9:05
- The feast9:23
- Witches redux9:59
- Move against Macduff11:05
- Lady Macbeth's madness and suicide12:29
- Birnam Wood comes to Dunsinane12:41
- Macbeth vs. Macduff12:59
- Prophecies fulfilled13:31
- Macbeth dies, Malcolm becomes king13:43
- Themes13:47
- Major Passages17:19
- Act I, scene 5, 36-5217:25
- Act I, scene 7, 1-2818:09
- Act II, scene 2, 55-6118:21
- Act V, scene 1, 30-3418:55
- Act V, scene 5, 16-2719:19
- Jumping-off Points19:55
- How does the idea of prophecy play out?19:57
- How are the five kings in the play alike and different?20:11
- Who is the hero of the play?20:39
- Is Macbeth villainous or tragic? Or both?20:59
- Is this play misogynistic?21:11
- What role does blood play in the story?21:23
- Key events offstage21:39
- Is Macbeth a moral play?22:39
- The Secret of Understanding Shakespeare23:03
King Lear
30m 59s
- Intro0:00
- First Things First0:08
- Lesson Overview0:38
- Background1:08
- Setting2:26
- Major Characters3:04
- Lear3:05
- Goneril3:12
- Regan3:16
- Cordelia3:24
- Earl of Kent3:32
- Fool3:44
- Dukes of Albany and Cornwall3:48
- Oswald3:50
- Earl of Gloucester3:58
- Edgar/Poor Tom4:06
- Edmund4:12
- Plot4:26
- Gloucester and his bastard4:40
- Lear's contest; kingdom divided; Cordelia disinherited5:00
- Lear's visit and Goneril's complaints6:36
- Kent becomes Caius7:00
- Message to Gloucester and off to Regan's castle7:24
- Plot, cont.7:36
- Edmund tricks Gloucester7:42
- Kent vs. Oswald8:42
- Edgar's disguise9:12
- Lear Betrayed9:42
- The storm10:06
- Edmund rises with Cornwall11:42
- Kent and Gloucester make plans12:14
- Plot, cont.12:24
- Gloucester captured and tried12:30
- Lear's madness and the Fool vanishes13:22
- Gloucester reunited with Edgar14:10
- Albany splits from Goneril and Cornwall dies14:34
- Kent arrives in Dover; Lear won't see Cordelia15:10
- Plot, cont.15:28
- Regan schemes against Goneril15:34
- Gloucester's “miracle”15:52
- Edgar kills Oswald16:34
- Mad Lead pardons Gloucester's sins and flees16:58
- Edgar gives Albany a letter, theres a fight and more scheming17:32
- Plot, cont.17:56
- Battle; Lear and Cordelia captured17:58
- Edgar saves Gloucester18:18
- Lear and Cordelia sent away; Edmund lies18:26
- Edgar vs. Edmund; treachery revealed19:02
- Goneril and Regan die19:20
- Lear weeps over Cordelia; Edmund dies; Lear dies19:58
- Kent dying; Edgar ascends20:16
- Themes20:22
- Major Passages22:40
- Act I, scene 2, 1-2223:28
- Act IV, scene 1, 37-3824:04
- Act V, scene 3, 256-26024:42
- Jumping-off Points25:44
- What is nature's role in the play?25:45
- How do your perceptions of the major characters change throughout the play?26:30
- Relationship between Cordelia and Lear; Edgar and Gloucester; Goneril and Regan and Edmund26:40
- What purpose does the Fool serve? Why does he vanish?27:26
- What role does age play in the story?28:10
- Dissolution of authority29:12
- Why did Shakespeare change the ending?29:26
- The Secret of Understanding Shakespeare29:58
Othello
24m 32s
- Intro0:00
- First Things First0:08
- Lesson Overview0:30
- Background1:04
- Setting2:58
- Major Characters3:54
- Othello4:02
- Desdemona4:04
- Michael Cassio4:28
- Iago4:46
- Brabantio5:04
- Emilia5:10
- Bianca5:20
- Roderigo5:26
- Duke of Venice5:32
- Gratiano5:34
- Lodovico5:40
- Montano5:46
- Clown5:52
- Plot5:58
- Roderigo and Iago; Othello's secret marriage; Iago's plot6:00
- Othello's trail7:04
- The army goes to Cyprus7:48
- The feast of Cyprus8:06
- Iago sends Cassio to Desdemona9:16
- Plot, cont.9:30
- Cassio asks Desdemona for help9:36
- Iago suggests to Othello that Desdemona is unfaithful9:42
- Othello's self-doubt10:28
- Handkerchief stolen11:04
- Iago goads Othello even more11:06
- Iago gets Cassio to laugh and Biana gets Othello to believe12:20
- Plot, cont.12:48
- Othello rages at Desdemona12:56
- Othello goes for a walk13:56
- Roderigo and Iago attack Cassio; Iago kills Roderigo14:50
- Othello “kills” his wife15:18
- Iago is revealed; Emilia dies15:54
- Othello kills himself16:16
- Themes16:18
- Major Passages18:14
- Act I, scene 1, 57-6518:26
- Act I, scene 3, 179-18819:08
- Act III, scene 3, 267-27920:00
- Act V, scene 2, 341-35420:40
- Jumping-off Points22:00
- How does race play out in this play?22:12
- Examine the role of sex in this play22:40
- How does Emilia change?22:54
- How does Iago play with the audience's sympathies?23:00
- Male characters' dual roles as military men and lovers23:10
- Physical and emotional isolation23:24
- How is this Iago's story? How is it Othello's?23:38
- The Secret of Understanding Shakespeare23:50
A Midsummer Night's Dream
30m 12s
- Intro0:00
- First Things First0:08
- Lesson Overview0:54
- Background1:48
- Setting3:50
- Characters5:44
- Theseus5:50
- Hippolyta5:56
- Hermia6:02
- Lysander6:10
- Helena6:22
- Demetrius6:52
- Egeus7:04
- Bottom7:16
- Quince, Flute, Starveling, Snout, Snug7:32
- Oberon7:56
- Titania8:08
- Puck8:20
- Peaseblossom, Cobweb, Moth, Mustardseed8:46
- Plot9:02
- A wedding or an execution9:04
- The lovers run away10:12
- Helena and Demetrius run after them10:18
- Everybody gets lost in the woods10:48
- Titania and Oberon fight11:00
- Flower juice11:42
- Oberon feels sorry for Helena13:20
- Stupid actors in the forest13:24
- Puck “helps”15:32
- Plot, cont.15:44
- Lysander falls in love with Helena15:52
- Everyone runs around in circles17:40
- Demetrius falls in love with Helena17:46
- Duels, tears, and more running around18:16
- Plot, cont.18:32
- The actors rehearse18:38
- Puck, Bottom, and the donkey head18:44
- Titania in love19:20
- Oberon gets the child19:28
- Lovers go back to normal19:36
- Discovery19:54
- A group wedding20:24
- And it was all a dream!20:36
- Themes20:54
- Love20:58
- Shape-shifting21:08
- Dreams21:56
- Authority22:26
- Gender roles22:48
- Major Passages23:24
- Act I, scene 1, 132-13423:28
- Act I, scene 1, 227-23523:50
- Act III, scene 2, 11524:22
- Act IV, scene, 199-20924:52
- Act V, epilogue, 1-825:18
- Jumping-off Points26:30
- Development of dreams26:34
- Love26:48
- Rules and tradition26:58
- Changes27:12
- Sex and coarse jokes27:22
- Puck and Bottom27:45
- Honesty28:22
- Play within a play28:36
- Humor29:02
- The Secret of Understanding Shakespeare29:24
Much Ado About Nothing
30m 34s
- Intro0:00
- First Things First0:08
- Lesson Overview0:44
- Background1:18
- Setting2:44
- Major Characters3:32
- Don Pedro3:34
- Benedick3:48
- Claudio4:20
- Don John4:34
- Borachio and Conrade5:06
- Leonato5:20
- Major Characters (Cont.)5:30
- Hero5:32
- Beatrice6:00
- Antonio6:26
- Ursula and Margaret6:32
- Friar Francis6:42
- Dogberry6:46
- Plot6:58
- Visitors on the way home from the wars7:04
- The guests arrive7:36
- The ball8:42
- A plot against the lovers10:26
- Eavesdropping in the garden11:16
- Beatrice and Benedick in love-ish13:18
- An accusation and promised proof13:28
- The polite watchmen13:42
- The wedding14:28
- An interrogation16:28
- Two challenges to a duel16:48
- The watchmen reveal all16:50
- Claudio's grief16:58
- Leonato's terms17:08
- The Bs attempt to flirt17:40
- The wedding day18:18
- Themes19:36
- Major Passages22:32
- Act II, scene 3, 204-20822:33
- Act IV, scene 1, 217-22123:54
- Act IV, scene 2, 67-7824:24
- Jumping-off Points26:28
- Beatrice and Benedick26:34
- Tragedy or Dark Comedy?26:54
- Deception27:26
- Language and puns27:42
- Honor28:22
- Words and wit28:56
- The Secret of Understanding Shakespeare29:40
The Merchant of Venice
30m 55s
- Intro0:00
- First Things First0:08
- Lesson Overview0:54
- Background1:24
- Setting2:54
- Characters5:16
- Antonio5:16
- Bassanio5:24
- Gratiano5:44
- Lorenzo5:48
- Portia5:58
- Nerissa6:14
- Shylock6:36
- Jessica7:02
- Duke of Venice7:06
- Launcelot Gobbo and Old Gobbo7:16
- Plot7:28
- Antonio and Bassanio7:30
- Portia and Nerissa8:38
- Shylock10:02
- The Prince of Morocco11:24
- Gobbo's new job12:14
- Jessica and Lorenzo12:58
- The Prince of Morocco fails13:42
- Shylock's daughter and ducats14:04
- The prince of Arragon fails14:54
- Antonio' s fortune lost?15:20
- Bassanio wins Portia's hand15:42
- Antonio in prison16:32
- “I'll have my bond”16:46
- Portia and Nerissa: Road trip!17:00
- Antonio and Shylock go to trial17:32
- Balthazar17:34
- “The quality of mercy is not strained”18:14
- A loophole in the contract18:34
- Shylock loses everything19:18
- Fun with rings, happy ending20:30
- Themes20:48
- Major Passages24:14
- Act IV, scene 1, 89-9924:42
- Act IV, scene 1, 179-19724:52
- Jumping-off Points25:58
- The portrayal of Shylock26:06
- How would you portray Shylock?27:02
- Justice and mercy27:40
- Is this play a comedy or not?27:54
- The relationship between Antonio and Bassanio28:14
- The roles of Venice and Belmont28:40
- The relationship between Jessica and Shylock29:06
- The Secret of Understanding Shakespeare30:04
Twelfth Night
19m 8s
- Intro0:00
- First Things First0:10
- Lesson Overview0:42
- Background1:24
- Setting3:08
- Characters3:40
- Viola/Cesario3:38
- Sebastian4:04
- Orsino4:10
- Olivia4:24
- Malvolio4:52
- Maria5:08
- Antonio5:16
- Sir Toby Belch5:34
- Sir Andrew Aguecheek5:36
- Feste6:00
- Plot6:11
- Orsino in love6:28
- The shipwreck6:32
- A visit to Olivia7:26
- A prank on Malvolio8:12
- Viola and Orsino8:18
- Olivia tries to woo “Cesario”9:10
- Antonio and Sebastian appear in town9:18
- Malvolio tries to woo Olivia9:32
- Sir Andrew picks fight with Viola9:52
- Antonio rescues “Sebastian,” is arrested10:12
- Sebastian is challenges, courted, married11:04
- The clown mocks Malvolio11:30
- Marriage and beating revealed11:48
- Twins are reunited11:56
- Orsino falls for Viola12:22
- Prank on Malvolio is revealed12:28
- Laughing and singing12:34
- Themes12:36
- Major Passages14:33
- Act I, scene 1, 1-1514:34
- Act I, scene 5, 237-24514:54
- Act II, scene 4, 91-10115:28
- Act V, scene 1, 258-26615:48
- Jumping-off Points16:28
- Gender roles16:22
- The Twelfth Night Holiday16:44
- Comical characters16:58
- Malvolio17:18
- The ending17:34
- Compare Orsino and Olivia17:48
- Mistaken identity18:14
- The Secret of Understanding Shakespeare18:30
Julius Caesar
23m 55s
- Intro0:00
- First Things First0:08
- Lesson Overview0:38
- Background1:18
- Setting3:29
- Major Characters4:41
- Julis Caesar4:47
- Calpurnia4:53
- Octavius, Mark Antony, Lepidus5:07
- Cicero, Publius, Popilius Lena5:33
- Brutus5:37
- Cassius6:03
- Portia6:17
- Casca, Tredonius, Ligarius, Decius Brutus, Metellus, Cimber, Cinna6:23
- Cinna6:25
- Soothsayer6:33
- Flavius and Marullus6:47
- Plot6:53
- The two tribunes6:55
- Caesar's triumph7:11
- Brutus and Cassius7:59
- The conspiracy8:43
- Plot, cont.8:51
- The assassination8:55
- The funeral10:09
- Brutus and Cassius fall out11:43
- Plot, cont.12:03
- Conspirators go to war12:04
- A tribute to Brutus12:29
- Themes13:07
- Major Passages15:37
- Act III, scene 2, 82-9615:41
- Act IV, scene 2, 269-27615:51
- Jumping-off Points17:51
- The use of fate and prophecy17:55
- How can the text be applied to different moments in history?19:05
- Deviations from the oringinal19:18
- The role of reputation in the play20:09
- Is Brutus truly the hero?21:03
- Friendship in the play21:41
- Who is the protagonist?22:25
- The Secret of Understanding Shakespeare22:56
Henry V
29m 12s
- Intro0:00
- First Things First0:10
- Lesson Overview0:54
- Background1:38
- Setting2:56
- Major Characters3:26
- Henry V3:30
- Cambridge, Scrope, Grey3:40
- Chorus3:46
- Dukes of Exeter4:12
- Charles VI4:18
- Dauphin4:28
- Catherine4:30
- King Fluellen4:48
- Pistol, Bardolph, Nim5:36
- Michael Williams, John Bates, Alexander Court5:42
- Hostess5:46
- Sir John Falstaff6:10
- Plot6:22
- The chorus7:10
- The plan to invade France7:16
- The plot against the prince8:36
- In France9:20
- Charles' offer10:04
- Henry's speech and its dubious reception10:24
- Harfleur surrenders11:26
- Catherine's English lessons11:38
- French taunting12:00
- Plot, cont.12:22
- Hanging a friend12:26
- A French ultimatum13:04
- Henry in disguise13:18
- Agincourt14:44
- Plot, cont.17:14
- Victory at Agincourt17:20
- Aftermath18:32
- Themes19:44
- Major Passages22:14
- Act I, scene 1, 1 ff22:46
- Act III, scene 1, 6-2723:02
- Act IV, scene 1, 242-26623:50
- Act IV, scene 3, 20-3924:24
- Jumping-off Points25:12
- How does the play deal with relationships between men?25:22
- What kind of king is Henry?26:00
- Examine Henry's use of language in the play26:32
- Does this play glorify war and conquest?26:54
- Marriage, families, and parenting27:20
- How does this play deal with diversity among the English forces?27:46
- The Secret of Understanding Shakespeare28:09
Richard III
23m 42s
- Intro0:00
- First Things First0:08
- Lesson Overview0:40
- Background1:16
- Setting2:04
- Major Characters2:58
- Richard III3:04
- Edward, Prince of Wales and Richard, Duke of York3:14
- Lady Anne3:42
- Lord Buckingham3:48
- Edward IV3:54
- Clarence4:04
- Queen Elizabeth4:28
- Dorset, Rivers and Gray4:40
- Duchess of York4:48
- Margaret4:54
- Young Elizabeth5:20
- Tyrell5:34
- Richmon5:46
- Hastings5:54
- Plot6:06
- Richard's jealousy6:14
- Clarence in the Tower of London8:16
- Marriage to the Lady Anne8:24
- Queen Margaret warns the court about Richard9:00
- Clarence is killed, Edward is blamed9:18
- The Princes in the Tower9:38
- Richard's next marriage11:10
- Plot, cont.12:12
- Richard's paranoia grows12:18
- The Earl of Richmond invades12:24
- Richard's nightmare12:36
- The Battle of Bosworth Field13:06
- Richmond becomes King Hengry VII, marries Elizabeth13:14
- Themes13:20
- Major Passages16:14
- Act I, scene 1, 1-4016:20
- Act I, scene 3, 220-23016:58
- Act IV, scene 4, 118-12317:30
- Act V, scene 5, 134-14518:48
- Jumping-off Points19:46
- Is Richard a hero or a villain?19:56
- Examine the use of language in the play?20:28
- What form does evil take in the play?20:46
- How does Shakespeare portray the relationship between monarchs and those they rule?21:24
- Portrayal of Richard against history21:56
- The roles of men and women in the play, who has power?22:06
- Examine the concept of loyalty in the play?22:16
- The Secret of Understanding Shakespeare22:47
The Winter's Tale
20m 46s
- Intro0:00
- First Things First0:08
- Lesson Overview0:40
- Background1:12
- Setting2:01
- Major Characters3:09
- Leontes3:10
- Hermione3:17
- Polixenes3:37
- Camillo3:51
- Paulina3:59
- Antigonus4:13
- Perdita4:27
- Dion and Cleomenes4:35
- Manilius5:07
- Florizel5:15
- Shepherd5:21
- Clown5:29
- Autolycus5:33
- Plot5:43
- Polixenes visits Leontes5:45
- Leontes suspects Hermione6:21
- Hermione on trial7:13
- Antigonus and the baby8:17
- Prince Florizel finds the coutryside interesting9:45
- Polixenes and Camillo go in disguise9:55
- The sheep-shearing10:07
- An escape11:15
- At the Sicilian court11:31
- At Paulina's house12:21
- Themes13:33
- Major Passages15:09
- Act II, scene 115:33
- Act II, scene 315:51
- Act IV, scene 416:11
- Act v, scene 316:31
- Jumping-off Points17:01
- Contrast Leontes and Florizel17:03
- Two stories at once17:23
- Traditional fairytales17:33
- Influence of women in the play17:59
- Jealousy18:25
- Autolycus18:51
- Comedy? Tragedy? Romance?19:13
- Innocence and guilt19:27
- Hermione's return19:55
- The Secret of Understanding Shakespeare20:13
The Tempest
19m 38s
- Intro0:00
- First Things First0:08
- Lesson Overview0:44
- Background1:16
- Setting2:24
- Major Characters2:46
- Prospero2:47
- Miranda2:56
- Ariel3:02
- Caliban3:06
- Antonio3:20
- Gonzalo3:28
- Alonso3:54
- Sebastian3:56
- Ferdinand4:04
- Trinculo4:12
- Stephano4:16
- Plot4:26
- The tempest and the shipwreck4:42
- The island4:46
- Elsewhere6:42
- The lovers get to know each other7:38
- Ariel messes with the murderous drunks7:58
- Prospero's banquet8:02
- Pretty clothes and supernatural dogs8:54
- A lost son and a lost daughter9:30
- All is revealed9:40
- Loose ends9:56
- Themes10:54
- Major Passages13:14
- Act II, scene 2, 366-36813:22
- Act III, scene 1, 77-8613:42
- Act IV, scene 1, 148-15813:58
- Epilogue14:40
- Jumping-Off Points15:32
- Is Prospero Shakespeare?15:38
- Analyze the character of Caliban15:43
- Prospero's and Miranda's relationship16:37
- Stephano, Trinculo, and Caliban17:04
- Examine the use of noise in the play17:50
- Governing the island18:22
- The Secret of Understanding Shakespeare18:34
The Sonnets
21m 9s
- Intro0:00
- First Things First0:10
- Lesson Overview0:40
- What is a Sonnet?1:26
- A 14-line lyric poem, usually about love1:32
- Structure calls for four quatrains and a couplet1:36
- Rhyme scheme1:50
- Written in iambic pentameter2:04
- What is a Sonnet?, cont.2:46
- First quatrain establishes theme2:48
- Second quatrain develops theme2:50
- Third quatrain rounds off theme2:56
- Final rhyming couplet concludes with twist or surprise3:04
- What Do We Know?3:10
- Poems probably written in the 1590s3:12
- Theaters closed in 1592 due to plague3:14
- Some poetry written on commission3:46
- Probably circulated in manuscript form4:06
- Published in 1609 without Shakespeare's permission4:14
- What Don't We Know?4:58
- Who commissioned the sonnets5:04
- How Thomas Thorpe for his hands on them5:12
- Who “W.H.” was5:18
- Who the characters were5:48
- Why Do the Sonnets Matter?5:54
- Some of the finest poetry ever written6:00
- Created new sonnet form6:12
- Writing by Shakespeare that isn't a play6:32
- Great for quoting6:52
- What It Means: Sonnet 186:58
- What It Means: Sonnet 209:00
- Sonnet Characters: The Fair Youth11:06
- Attractive young man, identity unknown11:20
- Some sonnets encourage him to procreate11:26
- Romantic or platonic love?11:32
- Affair with Dark Lady?11:50
- Possibly Henry Wriothesley12:02
- Was Shakespeare gay?12:22
- Sonnet Characters: The Dark Lady13:58
- Attractive young woman, identity unknown14:00
- “Dark” features14:20
- Object of sexual love14:30
- Married?14:56
- Mystery15:08
- Sonnet Characters: The Rival Poet15:20
- A competitor15:26
- Possibly George Chapman or Christopher Marlowe15:28
- Possibly fictitious16:02
- What It Means: Sonnet 13016:26
- How to Read a Shakespearean Sonnet19:06
- Break it up19:08
III. Multiple-Choice Section
Multiple-Choice Introduction
14m 22s
- Intro0:00
- Lesson Overview0:12
- Standardized Tests Are Like Video Games0:32
- They don't test real world competence0:38
- It only matters that you win1:10
- There are “cheat codes”1:46
- You must be smart and aggressive2:12
- There is a time limit2:54
- Multiple-Choice Basics3:18
- Pace yourself and keep eye on your watch3:24
- Do easy passage first, hardest last3:36
- Eliminate wrong answers4:48
- Pick the strongest answer5:18
- Concentrate, be present5:56
- Multiple-Choice Masterclass6:13
- Read the questions first6:17
- Skim the passage, then read it6:53
- Watch for the main idea7:17
- Guess aggressively8:29
- Answer questions according to type9:09
- Recheck9:23
- Remember only College Board keeps score9:43
- Final Tips10:43
- Bring a watch10:51
- Read for answers10:57
- Watch for what the author didn't have to include11:11
- When it doubt…11:53
- Save hardest for last12:53
- Be aggressive13:17
- Know thyself13:35
- Breathe14:05
Multiple-Choice Question Types
9m 17s
- Intro0:00
- Lesson Overview0:12
- General Comprehension Questions0:42
- Ask about passage as a whole0:50
- Answer them based on entire passage1:10
- Examples1:24
- Detail Questions2:20
- Ask about specific parts of a passage2:22
- Always go back and look at the part in question2:38
- Examples2:44
- Factual Knowledge Questions3:30
- Ask about English language, grammar, terminology3:24
- Can't really study for these4:00
- Examples4:12
- Grammar Questions5:08
- Ask about subsets of factual knowledge5:14
- Reading comprehension questions in disguise5:26
- Examples5:46
- How to Order Your Questions6:58
- Answer in the best order for you7:10
- If you feel confident…7:18
- If you're not confident…7:46
- Making Friends with the Hobgoblin7:58
Prose Passages
11m 41s
- Intro0:00
- Lesson Overview0:10
- Prose Passage Sources0:38
- Authors you've had in class but works you haven't read0:44
- Pre-twentieth century1:04
- 20th century and later1:10
- Adapted passages1:16
- Fiction and nonfiction1:28
- How To Read Prose Passages1:34
- Questions first?1:36
- Don’t skip italicized text2:04
- Skim then read2:18
- Read for main idea2:26
- Watch for details2:42
- Keep going3:08
- The Topic Sentence is Not There3:28
- Look for tone and flow4:30
- The Great Detective Takes the AP Exam4:42
- Read for details5:20
- Let the details build5:32
- Infer, don’t assume6:34
- Data, data, data6:58
- Eliminate7:20
- How to Know Words You Don't Actually Know7:50
- Context7:52
- Look for familiar parts and roots8:24
- Use other languages8:54
- Replace word with a black9:06
- Use opposite of the wrong word9:30
- What to Do if You're Out of Time9:54
- Go to the questions10:08
- Focus on literary terms and grammar10:24
- Answer questions with line references10:42
- Answer tone questions10:56
- Read if you can, guess if you can't11:16
Poetry Passages
9m 48s
- Intro0:00
- Lesson Overview0:10
- Poetry Sources0:48
- Poets you've read in class, but works you haven’t read yet0:54
- Pre-twentieth century1:16
- 20th century and later1:18
- A variety of forms1:20
- Rhyming and non-rhyming1:26
- Poetry Questions vs. Prose Questions1:38
- More about literary terms and poetic devices1:40
- Maybe rhyme scheme or structure1:56
- More grammar questions2:18
- How to read Poetry2:44
- Read poems like they're prose2:56
- Focus on main idea3:04
- Watch for what poet didn't have to include3:32
- Except/Not/Least3:42
- Can be tricky3:46
- Cross out the negative word and eliminate4:14
- Watch Out for Grammar5:08
- Poetry questions likely to involve grammar5:16
- Usually pretty simple5:48
- Answer based on your understanding5:58
- Example6:18
- One Group of Poets to Read7:42
- The Metaphysicals7:46
IV. The Essays
Intro to The Essay Section
21m 54s
- Intro0:00
- Lesson Overview0:12
- The Numbers0:34
- Three Essays, 120 minutes0:40
- Worth 55% of your grade1:10
- Scored 0 to 91:42
- The Prompt1:48
- What the prompt says1:50
- What does that mean?2:16
- Holistic Scoring3:16
- What the Reader Wants4:34
- An essay that is easy to score4:36
- An essay that is interesting5:06
- Scoring Guide5:38
- Scores 8-9 (6%)5:40
- Scores 6-7 (30%)6:16
- Score 5 (23%)6:58
- Scores 3-4 (37%)8:10
- Scores 1-2 (4%)8:42
- Score 09:16
- Score “--”9:28
- The Two Secrets of Essay Scores9:34
- Clarity is everything!9:38
- Its all about level 510:04
- How to Make Any Essay Better11:14
- Write neatly11:16
- Indent your paragraphs11:54
- Write first paragraph perfectly12:22
- Use literary vocab13:06
- Use verbs that sizzle and nouns that soar13:32
- Be specific14:30
- Beware of logorrhea14:50
- Answer the question15:40
- How to Make a Good Essay Great15:58
- Focus on the what and the how16:00
- Talk about language16:14
- Use opposition16:32
- Trust your instincts17:20
- Make it original18:24
- The Ultimate Essay Secret18:47
The Prose Essay
11m 3s
- Intro0:00
- Lesson Overview0:10
- Passage Sources0:36
- May be an introductory text1:02
- There may be footnotes1:06
- May be abridged from original1:10
- Two Questions to Ask1:22
- What does this passage mean?1:28
- How does the author make me understand that?2:00
- Elements to Include2:18
- Content2:26
- Point of View2:46
- Characterization2:58
- Diction3:18
- Imagery3:36
- Metaphor3:40
- Oppositions3:52
- Your Job is to Score Above a 54:28
- Tips and Tricks5:18
- Get mechanics right5:20
- Make first paragraph perfect5:40
- Perfectly structured essays are boring6:10
- Don't restate the prompt6:54
- Don't summarize7:02
- Use clear transitions and topic sentences7:28
- Don't pad, don't ramble7:38
- Have a hook and conclusion7:52
- The Ultimate Essay Secret8:10
The Poetry Essay
11m 8s
- Intro0:00
- Lesson Overview0:10
- Passage Sources0:36
- There's an effort to avoid duplication0:46
- May have introductory text1:00
- If given two poems to compare, may be from same or different poets1:06
- There may be footnotes1:12
- Two Questions to Ask1:19
- What does this poem mean?1:23
- How does the poet make me understand that?1:59
- Elements to Include2:13
- Content2:19
- Diction2:31
- Imagery2:43
- Metaphor2:49
- Rhyme3:03
- Form3:15
- Oppositions3:33
- Your Job is to Score Above a 53:59
- Get mechanics right4:59
- Make first paragraph perfect5:11
- Perfectly structured essays are boring5:57
- Don't restate the prompt6:29
- Don't summarize6:33
- Use clear transitions and topic sentences6:59
- Don't pad, don't ramble7:11
- Have a hook and conclusion7:25
- The Ultimate Essay Secret7:49
The Open Essay
17m 28s
- Intro0:00
- Lesson Overview0:10
- What is the Open Essay?0:54
- Usually the third essay on the exam1:00
- Prompt gives you a theme1:06
- You can study for it1:30
- What ETS Wants1:36
- All about your ability to think deeply2:08
- A well-written essay3:12
- An essay showing complex thought3:16
- An essay that applies the given theme to the work3:30
- An Essay About Anything3:42
- Work it out in advance3:50
- Use sample prompts4:04
- How will you know which books to prepare?4:12
- Your First Book4:18
- Prepare at least one major work of literature4:26
- Choose something you've read in class4:34
- Choose something with a lot of themes4:44
- Choose something you like4:50
- Shakespeare!5:14
- Some Good Choices5:20
- Your Second and Third Books6:38
- Have backups6:40
- Choose something different7:12
- Choose something shorter7:44
- Some Good Choices7:52
- How to Prepare a Book8:34
- Reread within four weeks of test8:36
- Work from critical editions8:50
- Write your own study guide9:14
- A Dirty Trick You'll Want to Use10:20
- Download samples10:26
- Writing beginning of each essay for each10:36
- Make sure you've got…10:42
- Your Job is to Score Above a 511:18
- Tips and Tricks11:54
- Get mechanics right11:56
- Make first paragraph perfect12:04
- Perfectly structured essays are boring12:20
- Don't restate the prompt12:42
- Don't summarize12:44
- Use clear transitions and topic sentences13:22
- Don't pad, don't ramble13:30
- Have a hook and conclusion13:48
- The Ultimate Essay Secret14:06
How to Use Hamlet For Everything
21m 15s
- Intro0:00
- Lesson Overview0:10
- Why Hamlet Works for Everything (Almost)1:16
- Considered one of the greatest works of English literature1:36
- It's long enough to be broken down1:58
- Rich range of male and female characters2:10
- Variety of interpretations2:32
- Elements of many genres2:52
- It's public domain3:02
- Where to Find the Questions3:18
- 2011: Hamlet and the Search for Justice4:18
- “Life is a search for justice”4:28
- What are you being asked to analyze?4:48
- How to Answer5:06
- How does Hamlet understand justice?5:16
- Is his search for justice successful?6:10
- 2011B: Hamlet and the Illuminating Incident7:10
- A work of fiction uses the “illuminating incident“ as a ”magic casement”7:24
- What are you being asked to explain?7:44
- How to Answer8:08
- The play Hamlet puts on before Claudius8:16
- Literal summary and window into the soul8:38
- Focus on Claudius's prayer9:20
- 2009: Hamlet and the Symbol9:40
- The definition of a symbol9:48
- What are you being asked to focus on and analyze?10:10
- How to Answer10:24
- Yorick's skull10:28
- How does it function in the work?10:48
- What does it reveal about the characters or themes?11:38
- 2009B: Hamlet and the Social Issue12:14
- What are you being asked to do?12:34
- How to Answer12:52
- Uh-oh! Hamlet isn't very socially or politically conscious12:54
- Class conflict in the play13:10
- Gender in the play13:42
- How to Answer, cont.14:02
- What literary elements does Shakespeare use to explore this issue?14:04
- How does this contribute to the meaning of the work as a whole?15:44
- Don't Just Use Hamlet16:37
- How about The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and racism?17:15
- Remember you are writing under a time limit17:47
- Don't use Hamlet if you haven't read it17:55
- The Ultimate Essay Secret18:03
V. Test Walkthrough
Multiple-Choice Walkthrough, Part 1
15m 24s
- Intro0:00
- Lesson Overview0:14
- Where to Find the Questions0:28
- College Board's 1999 multiple-choice section0:32
- Questions begin on page 23 (page 17)0:42
- Reading the Passages0:54
- What's the point of this passage?0:56
- How does the author get that point across?1:02
- Passage 11:08
- The Big Idea1:10
- How It's Expressed1:32
- The Questions1:52
- Passage 1, Question 11:58
- Answer2:26
- Passage 1, Question 22:32
- Answer3:10
- Passage 1, Question 33:14
- Answer3:28
- Passage 1, Question 43:36
- Answer3:56
- Passage 1, Question 54:00
- Answer4:30
- Passage 1, Question 64:38
- Answer5:14
- Passage 1, Question 75:20
- Answer5:46
- Passage 1, Question 85:52
- Answer6:00
- Passage 1, Question 96:06
- Answer6:26
- Passage 1, Question 106:32
- Answer6:48
- Passage 1, Question 116:54
- Answer7:20
- Passage 1, Question 127:24
- Answer7:52
- Passage 1, Question 137:58
- Answer9:00
- Passage 29:10
- The Big Idea9:12
- How It's Expressed9:28
- The Questions9:54
- Passage 2, Question 1410:00
- Answer10:18
- Passage 2, Question 1510:24
- Answer10:38
- Passage 2, Question 1610:46
- Answer11:12
- Passage 2, Question 1711:18
- Answer11:22
- Passage 2, Question 1811:28
- Answer11:42
- Passage 2, Question 1911:46
- Answer12:02
- Passage 2, Question 2012:10
- Answer12:28
- Passage 2, Question 2112:32
- Answer12:46
- Passage 2, Question 2213:10
- Answer13:40
- Passage 2, Question 2313:42
- Answer14:00
- Passage 2, Question 2414:06
- Answer14:52
- Passage 2, Question 2514:58
- Answer15:18
Multiple-Choice Walkthrough, Part 2
19m 25s
- Intro0:00
- Lesson Overview0:16
- Where to Find the Questions0:30
- College Board's 1999 multiple-choice section0:32
- Begin on page 29 (page 23)0:52
- Reading the Passages1:00
- What's the point of this passage?1:10
- How does the author get that point across?1:12
- Passage 31:20
- The Big Idea1:28
- How It’s Expressed1:38
- The Questions1:46
- Passage 3, Question 261:52
- Answer2:02
- Passage 3, Question 272:08
- Answer2:58
- Passage 3, Question 283:02
- Answer3:22
- Passage 3, Question 293:28
- Answer3:54
- Passage 3, Question 304:00
- Answer4:24
- Passage 3, Question 314:30
- Answer5:02
- Passage 3, Question 325:08
- Answer5:42
- Passage 3, Question 335:52
- Answer6:12
- Passage 3, Question 346:18
- Answer6:40
- Passage 46:46
- The Big Idea6:48
- How It’s Expressed7:08
- The Questions7:36
- Passage 4, Question 357:48
- Answer8:00
- Passage 4, Question 368:06
- Answer8:40
- Passage 4, Question 378:48
- Answer9:04
- Passage 4, Question 389:10
- Answer9:40
- Passage 4, Question 399:46
- Answer10:06
- Passage 4, Question 4010:12
- Answer10:38
- Passage 4, Question 4110:44
- Answer11:00
- Passage 4, Question 4211:06
- Answer11:28
- Passage 4, Question 4311:34
- Answer12:18
- Passage 512:26
- The Big Idea12:28
- How It’s Expressed12:48
- The Questions13:06
- Passage 5, Question 4413:12
- Answer13:28
- Passage 5, Question 4513:34
- Answer13:56
- Passage 5, Question 4614:02
- Answer14:18
- Passage 5, Question 4714:24
- Answer14:56
- Passage 5, Question 4815:02
- Answer15:22
- Passage 5, Question 4915:30
- Answer15:54
- Passage 5, Question 5016:02
- Answer16:26
- Passage 5, Question 5116:32
- Answer17:08
- Passage 5, Question 5217:14
- Answer17:34
- Passage 5, Question 5317:40
- Answer17:56
- Passage 5, Question 5418:07
- Answer18:39
- Passage 5, Question 5518:45
- Answer19:15
Prose Essay Walkthrough
10m 7s
- Intro0:00
- Lesson Overview0:12
- Where to Find the Questions0:30
- From the 2010 free-response questions0:34
- Page 3 of PDF0:38
- Belinda by Maria Edgeworth0:46
- What are you being asked to do?0:52
- Reading the Passage1:04
- What's the point of this passage?1:06
- How does the author get that point across?1:08
- Reading the Passage, cont.1:12
- The answer to: What's the point of this passage?1:14
- The answer to: How does the author get that point across?1:34
- Point of View1:38
- Tone1:52
- Language2:02
- Outlining the Essay2:16
- Thesis2:20
- Point of View3:14
- Tone3:58
- Language5:10
- Conclusion6:10
- Tips and Tricks7:37
- Get mechanics right7:41
- Make first paragraph perfect7:55
- Perfectly structured essays are boring8:17
- Don't restate the prompt8:29
- Don't summarize8:31
- Use clear transitions and topic sentences8:39
- Don't pad, don't ramble8:43
- Have a hook and conclusion9:05
- The Ultimate Essay Secret9:23
Poetry Essay Walkthrough
7m 24s
- Intro0:00
- Lesson Overview0:16
- Where to Find the Questions0:30
- From the 2010 free-response questions0:32
- Page 2 of the PDF0:36
- “The Century Quilt” by Marilyn Nelson Waniek0:38
- What are you being asked to do?0:52
- Reading the Passage1:09
- What's the point of this passage?1:11
- How does the author get that point across?1:13
- Reading the Passage, cont.1:19
- The answer to: What's the point of this passage?1:21
- The answer to: How does the author get this point across?1:37
- Structure1:41
- Imagery2:01
- Tone2:15
- Outlining the Essay2:27
- Thesis2:29
- Structure2:43
- Imagery3:21
- Tone3:58
- Conclusion4:29
- Tips and Tricks5:29
- The Ultimate Essay Secret6:53
Open Essay Walkthrough
14m 43s
- Intro0:00
- Lesson Overview0:14
- Where to Find the Question0:32
- Essay from the 2010 free-response questions0:36
- Page 4 of PDF0:40
- What are you being asked to do?1:00
- Choosing the Work1:20
- Brainstorming2:02
- How does Odysseus fit this question?2:04
- How is his exile both alienating and enriching?2:08
- How does it illuminate the meaning of the work?3:28
- Outlining the Essay4:16
- Thesis4:20
- Hook5:14
- Alienation6:38
- Enrichment8:08
- Theme9:50
- Conclusion10:58
- Tips and Tricks12:10
- The Ultimate Essay Secret14:03
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For more information, please see full course syllabus of AP English Literature & Composition
For more information, please see full course syllabus of AP English Literature & Composition
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