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Mechanisms of Evolution
The basis of change in populations, whether its a population of spiders, microorganisms, or people, occurs at the level of an organisms genetic material—its DNA.
The patterns, trends, and rates of change can be evaluated broadly at the level of a species or specifically at the level of an allele.
When a population or a specific trait doesnt change, its at equilibrium. However, this rarely occurs. Forces that elicit change are constantly bombarding any dynamic, living system.