Study Guides
Translation: Protein Synthesis
The central dogma of biology states that DNA is used to make RNA, and RNA is used to make a protein. The first stage, making RNA from DNA, is called transcription. The second stage, making a protein from RNA, is called translation.
In this Lesson, well look at the translation stage of the central dogma of biology. Translation is also known as protein synthesis.
Amino acids are the building blocks of polypeptides, and proteins are made from polypeptides. In translation, the RNA produced from transcription is used as a template that determines the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide. Polypeptides are built with the help of ribosomes and transfer RNA.
Protein synthesis can be affected by mutations, which can have harmful effects.