In this lecture you will learn about Enthalpy, Entropy, and the Second Law of Thermodynamics. You will start by covering Factors Affecting Equilibrium Constants which delve into Spontaneous Reaction and Temperature Effects. Next, you will look at the State Functions of Enthalpy and Entropy with a unique perspective given by Hess's Law. The Statistical Interpretation of Entropy is next on the Agenda with the Boltzmann Entropy Equation, Reversible Changes, and the Third Law of Thermodynamics following. Next you will look at the Entropies of Gases, Liquids, and Solids, as well as how to find the Entropy Values from Enthalpy or Temperature Data. Next you will look for Entropy Changes in Phase Changes before doubling back onto the Second Law of Thermodynamics which reveals Spontaneous and Reversible processes. Lastly, you will look at Reactant Favored Equilibria and Product Favored Equilibria before learning the Limitations of Applying the Second Law of Thermodynamics to Equilibria.
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QuickNotes™
Enthalpy, Entropy, Second Law of Thermodynamics
Reversibility
a hypothetical idea; only applies to tiny changes
Definitions
and calculations of entropy: DS = qrev/T
Entropies
of gases>entropies of liquids> entropies of solids
Third
law of thermodynamics: S of perfect crystals at 0K = 0
Calculate
entropy changes for phase changes
Learn
definition of Second law of thermodynamics
Second
law alone may be hard to apply in predicting equilibrium state of
systems